全基因组扩增技术原理及研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2014.12.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： DNA 芯片及下一代测序等高通量技术的发展极大促进了分子生物学技术在各领域的广泛应用，但此时样品数量与质量往往是制约研究进行的重要因素，全基因组扩增技术(Whole genome amplification, WGA)则可有效解决这一问题，其可使极微量目标基因组 DNA 同时得到扩增从而提供满足高通量分析研究所需的起始材料。高效可靠的全基因组扩增技术使基于单细胞水平的大规模全基因组分析成为现实，且随着研究的不断深入，对全基因组扩增技术提出了更高的要求。对过去常用的以及近期发展的全基因组扩增技术进行了概述，阐明了各种方法的原理，并对各种方法的特点从原理上进行了分析总结，以期为全基因组扩增技术的应用提供一定的参考。

关键词: 全基因组扩增, 单细胞基因组测序, 基因型, 基因组变异, 突变检测

Abstract: The rapid developments of DNA array and next generation sequencing technologies had greatly promoted molecular biology techniques to be used in various fields. However, the limited quantity and quality of sample DNA may affect large scale genetic analyses. To overcome these problems, the whole genome amplification(WGA)technology was employed to amplify trace amounts of genomic DNA to sufficient quantity to meet the requirements of high throughput analyses. The highly efficient and reliable WGA methods also helped to realize large scale of genetic analyses based on even single cell. Moreover, as the single cell level research continues, more efficient WGA approaches were developed. This paper summarized the general WGA methods frequently used before and newly developed methods on basic principle level as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each method, which helped to make good use of the powerful WGA techniques.

Key words: Whole genome amplification, Single cell sequencing, Genotyping, Genome variations, Mutation detection

潘孝明 ,梁兴国. 全基因组扩增技术原理及研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2014, 0(12): 47-54.

Pan Xiaoming, Liang Xingguo. Principle of Whole Genome Amplification Technology and Its Progress[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2014, 0(12): 47-54.

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