生物技术通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 126-133.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0817

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同季节使用微生态制剂后养殖海水细菌群落特征

王永妍1, 赵炳赫1, 梁广钰1, 李云2, 徐仰仓1   

  1. 1. 天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457;
    2. 上饶师范学院,上饶 334100
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-04 出版日期:2020-02-26 发布日期:2020-02-23
  • 作者简介:王永妍,女,硕士研究生,研究方向:海洋生物学;E-mail:yywangYD@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    天津科技大学“十三五”教育教学改革(创新创业专项)(2018JGZX005),天津市大学生创新训练计划项目(201910057002)

Bacterial Community Characteristics of Cultured Seawater with Microecological Preparations in Different Seasons

WANG Yong-yan1, ZHAO Bing-he1, LIANG Guang-yu1, LI Yun2, XU Yang-cang1   

  1. 1. College of Marine and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin University of Science & Technology,Tianjin 300450;
    2. Shangrao Normal University,Shangrao 334100
  • Received:2019-09-04 Published:2020-02-26 Online:2020-02-23

摘要: 细菌是维持养殖水体稳定的重要类群,可以反映出水质情况,微生态制剂作为一种可以去除有害物质的生物方法,目前被广泛应用。了解微生态制剂在投入养殖海水后细菌群落结构和多样性变化,探讨不同季节的水质环境因子对细菌群落的影响。通过高通量测序技术对细菌16S rRNA V3、V4区进行扩增,分析冬、春、夏3个季节下使用完商品型菌剂后,养殖海水中细菌群落分布规律及其多样性,采用冗余分析(Redundancy analysis,RDA)探讨不同季节的水质指标与细菌群落之间的关系。养殖海水中细菌多样性丰富,3个季节主要的优势菌门为变形菌门和拟杆菌门,其中Tenacibaculum(38.28%),卓贝尔氏菌属(Zobellella,30.78%)、盐单胞菌属(Halomonas,13.55%)为冬季优势属;Glycocaulis(34.00%)、盐单胞菌属(11.36%)、Planktosalinus(9.67%)为春季优势属;Pseudofulvimonas(28.94%)、Zobellella(17.51%)、Planktosalinus(15.86%)、海杆菌属(Marinobacter,12.30%)为夏季优势属,不同时期细菌属水平发生显著变化。RDA分析表明,不同时期水质环境因子对细菌群落影响不同,温度、盐度、pH、溶解氧与3个季节中10个优势属的丰度有显著相关性,冬季和春季优势属主要与盐度和溶解氧呈正相关,夏季优势属主要与温度和pH呈显著正相关。微生态制剂在净化养殖水体方面有很大优势,其在不同季节中应用虽细菌群落结构和多样性产生一定变化,但整体都发挥出各自的调控能力,该研究为以后养殖海水治理和微生态制剂应用提供新的思路。

关键词: 养殖海水, 高通量测序, 细菌多样性, 细菌群落结构

Abstract: Bacterium,as one of important factor to maintain aquaculture water stability,is often used to evaluate the quality of aquaculture water. Microecological preparations are widely applied in aquaculture water to remove harmful substances. This work aims to study the changes of bacterial community structure and bacteria diversity after adding microecological preparations into cultured seawater during different seasons,and to explore the effects of environmental factors of water quality on bacterial community. The high-throughput sequencing technology was used to amplify the bacterial 16S rRNA V3 and V4 regions,and the distribution and diversity of bacterial community in cultured seawater were analyzed after adding completely commercial microecological preparations in the winter,spring and summer. Redundancy analysis(RDA)was employed to analyze the relationship between water quality and bacterial communities in different seasons. The diversity was rich,the Proteobacteria and Bacteroides were main dominant bacteria shared in three seasons. Of them the Tenacibaculum(38.28%),Zobellella(30.78%)and Halomonas(13.55%)were dominant in the winter,the Glycocaulis(34.00%),Halomonas(11.36%)and Planktosalinus(9.67%)were dominant in the spring,and the Pseudofulvimonas(28.94%),Zobellella(17.51%),Planktosalinus(15.86%),Marinobacter(12.30%)were dominant in the summer,the bacterial genera varied obviously in different seasons. RDA analysis showed that environmental factors at different stage affected bacterial community in various ways,and temperature,salinity,pH,and dissolved oxygen presented significant correlations with abundance of 10 dominant genera in 3 seasons;the dominant genera were positively correlated with salinity and dissolved oxygen in winter and spring,and positively correlated with temperature and pH in summer. In conclusion,microecological preparations demonstrate the great advantages in purifying aquaculture waters,each in whole may play each own regulation ability though the structure and diversity of bacterial community are changed in different seasons. This study provides new ideas for further treating cultured seawater and applying new microecological preparations.

Key words: cultured seawater, high-throughput sequencing, bacterial diversity, bacterial community structure