生物技术通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 13-34.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0259

• 特约综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

抗逆元件及其在高效微生物细胞工厂构建中的应用进展

常瀚文, 郑鑫铃, 骆健美, 王敏, 申雁冰   

  1. 工业发酵微生物教育部重点实验室(天津科技大学)天津市工业微生物重点实验室 天津市微生物代谢与发酵过程控制技术工程中心 天津科技大学生物工程学院,天津 300457
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-11 出版日期:2020-06-26 发布日期:2020-06-28
  • 作者简介:常瀚文,男,研究方向:微生物耐受机制;E-mail:15320001899@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFA0905300),国家自然科学基金项目(21978220),天津市自然科学基金重点项目(18JCZDJC32500),天津市企业科技特派员项目(19JCTPJC50800),天津市大学生创新创业训练计划(国家级)(201910057051),天津市大学生创新创业训练计划(市级)(201910057099)

Tolerance Elements and Their Application Progress on the Construction of Highly-efficient Microbial Cell Factory

CHANG Han-wen, ZHENG Xin-ling, LUO Jian-mei, WANG Min, SHEN Yan-bing   

  1. Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology(Tianjin University of Science and Technology),Ministry of Education,Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology,Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control,College of Biotechnology,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457
  • Received:2020-03-11 Published:2020-06-26 Online:2020-06-28

摘要: 微生物作为重要的细胞工厂,其应用时经常面临的各种胁迫条件严重制约细胞活力和生产性能。大量文献证明,微生物的胁迫耐受性是受到胞内多个代谢途径和生理系统调控的复杂表型。那么,挖掘和应用增强菌株胁迫耐受性的抗逆元件是构建高效微生物细胞工厂的有效手段。目前,已报道的微生物抗逆元件主要包括调控细胞壁和细胞膜、DNA修复、氧化应激、相容性溶质、能量产生和信号转导的相关基因以及外排泵、热激蛋白和全局转录因子等。着重介绍了近年来抗逆元件及其在高效微生物细胞工厂构建中的应用实例,同时,讨论了实际应用中可能面临的机遇与挑战。

关键词: 抗逆元件, 胁迫条件, 耐受性能, 细胞工厂, 合成生物学

Abstract: Microorganisms,acting as cell factory,often encounter various stresses during the application process,which severely restrict cell viability and production performance. It is widely accepted that cell stress tolerance is a complex phenotype controlled by multiple intracellular metabolic pathways and diverse physiological systems. Therefore,the exploration and application for tolerance elements that endow strains with higher stress tolerance are an effective approach to construct highly-efficient microbial cell factory. At present,the reported tolerance elements mainly include the related genes that regulate cell wall and cell membrane,DNA repair,oxidative responses to stress,compatible solutes,energy generation and signal transduction as well as efflux pumps,heat shock proteins and global transcriptional factors. In this paper,tolerance elements and their application cases on the construction of highly-efficient microbial cell factory are reviewed. Meanwhile,the opportunities and challenges in practice are discussed.

Key words: tolerance element, stress condition, cell tolerance, cell factory, synthetic biology