重要花卉植物高密度遗传连锁图谱构建研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-1008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

遗传连锁图谱是以遗传标记间重组频率为基础的染色体或基因组内位点相对位置的线性排列图,高密度遗传图谱构建可实现物理图谱和遗传图谱的整合,对促进基因图位克隆具有重要作用。利用遗传图谱可有效地提高育种效率和改良品种。重要花卉植物高遗传图谱精密度尚无法满足精细定位研究的要求,百合、紫薇、郁金香、向日葵等重要花卉高密度遗传图谱构建研究较少,制约了花卉植物分子育种研究进程。概述了高密度遗传图谱构建流程及作图方法,综述了牡丹、梅花、月季、菊花、兰花、荷花、桂花等重要花卉植物遗传图谱构建研究进展,讨论了重要花卉植物高密度遗传图谱构建存在的主要问题,对今后重要花卉植物遗传图谱构建研究的发展方向及其在育种中的应用前景进行了展望,以期为花卉植物基因定位、辅助基因组组装、比较基因组学、基因克隆、分子标记辅助育种等提供参考。

关键词: 重要花卉植物, 高密度遗传图谱构建, 单核苷酸多态性, 简化基因组测序

Abstract:

Genetic linkage map is a linear arrangement of the relative positions of the sites in the chromosome or genome based on the recombination frequency between genetic markers. The construction of high-density genetic map may allow the integration of physical map and genetic map feasible and plays an important role in promoting gene map cloning. The utilization of genetic map can effectively improve breeding efficiency and varieties. The precision of the high genetic map of important flowers have not yet reached the level of fine mapping;moreover,few studies on the high-density genetic map construction of important flowers such as Lilium brownii,Crataegus pinnatifida,Tulipa gesneriana and Helianthus annuus have been conducted,which limits the molecular breeding research progress of flower plant. Here the construction process and drawing method of genetic map are summarized. Then the research progress of genetic map construction of important flowers such as Paeonia suffruticosa,Prunus mume,Rosa rugosa,Dendranthema morifolium,Cymbidium,Nelumbo,Osmanthus are also reviewed. Furthermore the existing major issues in the construction of high density genetic map of important flower plants are discussed. At last,the development direction of the genetic map construction of important flower plants is prospected. This review might shed a light on providing a reference for studying gene mapping,auxiliary genome assembly,comparative genomics,gene cloning and molecular marker assisted breeding of flowers plants.

Key words: important flower plants, high density genetic map, single nucleotide polymorphism, reduced representation sequencing

郭丽丽, 李昱莹, 郭大龙, 侯小改. 重要花卉植物高密度遗传连锁图谱构建研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(1): 246-254.

GUO Li-li, LI Yu-ying, GUO Da-long, HOU Xiao-gai. Research Progress on High-density Genetic Linkage Map Construction of Important Ornamental Plants：a Review[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(1): 246-254.

图/表 1

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