不同品种和产区宁夏枸杞根系AMF多样性

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-1331

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)对植物营养吸收和生态系统功能具有重要作用。宁夏枸杞作为西北地区重要的经济、生态乡土植物,其根系AMF占据独特的生态位而具有特殊的功能。基于扩增子高通量测序技术,揭示不同品种和不同产区宁夏枸杞根系AMF多样性,为宁夏枸杞AMF菌剂开发奠定基础。收集“宁杞7号”、“宁杞9号”、“蒙杞1号”、“蒙杞2号”4个宁夏枸杞品种,宁夏中宁、甘肃靖远、宁夏海原、内蒙古乌拉特4个产区宁夏枸杞主栽品种“宁杞7号”根系和鲜果样品,采用AMF特异性引物进行PCR扩增,然后Illumina Miseq测序,比较分析AMF多样性;同时测定鲜果中多糖、总黄酮、甜菜碱等有效成分含量,相关性分析与有效成分含量有关的AMF。所有样品中共出现3个目3个科3个属49个AMF OTUs,球囊霉属是所有样品的优势属;Glomus.sp.VTX00113是所有样品共有种,也是“宁杞7号”、“蒙杞1号”和“蒙杞2号”品种以及“海原”产区和“甘肃”产区的优势种,但“宁杞9号”优势种为Glomus.sp.VTX00156,“内蒙古”产区和“中宁”产区的优势种分别为未鉴定出的球囊霉菌unclassified_OTU32和unclassified_OTU39。不同品种之间α-多样性指数有显著差异,“宁杞7号”最高,“蒙杞2号”最低;产区之间α-多样性指数无显著差异。在种水平,Glomus.sp.VTX00113在4个产区中所占比例存在显著性差异(P<0.001),但4个品种间无显著性差异种。品种间AMF群落β-多样性无显著差异(P=0.123),产区间β-多样性差异显著(P=0.001);果实多糖含量与AMF无相关性,Glomus.sp.VTX00113与甜菜碱含量显著正相关,unclassified_OTU14仅在不同品种样品中与甜菜碱含量显著负相关,Glomus.sp.VTX00393仅在不同品种样品中与总黄酮含量显著正相关,Glomus.sp.VTX00247仅在不同产区样品中与总黄酮含量显著正相关。品种影响宁夏枸杞根系AMF群落α-多样性、优势种,但不影响β-多样性,产区影响β-多样性、优势种,不影响α-多样性指数;AMF与枸杞果实甜菜碱、总黄酮含量相关,与多糖含量无相关性。

关键词: 高通量测序, 宁夏枸杞, 丛枝菌根真菌, 群落结构

Abstract:

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)plays important role in nutrient absorption and ecological function of plants. Lycium barbarum in Ningxia is an indigenous tree of significant ecological and economic importance in the northwest region of China,and AMF of its root occupies unique niche and thus functions specially. Based on the amplicon high throughput sequencing,we investigated the diversity of AMF in the root systems of Ningxia L. barbarum from different varieties and cultivation regions,aiming to lay a foundation for developing AMF agent of Ningxia L. barbarum. Root and fresh fruits samples were collected from 4 varieties “Ningqi 7”,“Ningqi 9”,“Mengqi 1”,“Mengqi 2” and main variety “Ningqi 7” in 4 cultivation regions(Zhongning county and Haiyuan county of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Jingyuan county of Gansu province,Wulate county of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region). PCR amplification was conducted using AMF specific primers,then Illumina Miseq sequencing was performed,and the diversity of AMF was compared and analyzed. Meanwhile the contents of polysaccharides,total flavonoids,betaine and other active components in the fresh fruits were determined,and correlation analysis of the AMF related to the active component content was conducted. Total of 49 AMF OTUs were detected,belonging to 3 orders,3 families and 3 genera,with Glomus as the most dominant genus. Glomus sp.VTX00113 is the common species in 4 varieties and 4 regions,which also was the dominant species of “Ningqi 7”,“Mengqi 1”,“Mengqi 2” and Haiyuan and Gansu region. However,the dominant species in “Ningqi 9” was Glomus sp.VTX00156. The dominant species from the Inner Mongolia and Zhongning were the not-identified-yet unclassified_OTU3 and unclassified_OTU39,respectively. There were significant differences in α-diversity among different varieties,that of “Ningqi 7” was the highest,and that of “Mengqi 2” was the lowest. On the contrary,there was no significant difference among cultivation regions. The proportions of Glomus sp.VTX00113 across the 4 regions was of significant difference(P<0.001);however,no species was in significant differences among 4 varieties. There was no significant difference in terms of the β-diversity for AMF community across the 4 varieties(P=0.123),but significant difference among the 4 regions(P=0.001). There was no correlation between fruit polysaccharide content and AMF. Glomus sp. VTX00113 was significantly positively correlated with betaine,and unclassified_OTU14 was only negatively correlated with betaine content in different samples of varieties. Glomus.sp.VTX00393 was significantly positively correlated with total flavonoids in different varieties. Glomus.sp.VTX00247 was also significantly positively correlated with total flavonoids only in different regions. L. barbarum varieties affect α-diversity and dominant species of root AMF communities,but not β-diversity. Cultivation region affects β-diversity and dominant species,but not α-diversity. AMF is correlated with betaine and total flavonoids content,but not with the polysaccharide content.

Key words: high throughput sequencing, Lycium barbarum L., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, community structure

吕燕, 刘建利, 李靖宇, 候琳琳, 孙敏, 苟琪. 不同品种和产区宁夏枸杞根系AMF多样性[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(6): 36-48.

LV Yan, LIU Jian-li, LI Jing-yu, HOU Lin-lin, SUN Min, GOU Qi. Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inhabiting the Roots of Lycium barbarum in Different Varieties and Cultivation Regions[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(6): 36-48.

图/表 11

表1 不同品种样品中AMF α-多样性指数

Table 1 α-diversity index of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different varieties samples based on OTU

α-多样性指数 α-diversity index	不同品种Different varieties
α-多样性指数 α-diversity index	宁杞7号 N7	宁杞9号 N9	蒙杞1号 M1	蒙杞2号 M2
Shannon	1.02±0.42^a	0.73±0.63^ab	0.51±0.58^ab	0.04±0.01^b
Simpson	0.43±0.09^b	0.58±0.36^ab	0.74±0.28^ab	1.00±0^a
ACE	11.1±4.4^a	4.55±4.03^ab	4.33±2.52^b	3.25±1.40^b
Chao1	10±4.58^a	5.67±0.58^a	4.33±2.52^ab	2.67±0.0.58^b
Heip	0.26±0.08^a	0.27±0.23^ab	0.17±0.18^ab	0.002±0.001^b
Coverage	1.00±0	1.00±0	1.00±0	1.00±0

表2 不同产区样品中AMF α-多样性指数

Table 2 AMF α-diversity index in samples from different cultivation regions

α 多样性指数 α-diversity index	不同产区Different cultivation regions
α 多样性指数 α-diversity index	中宁 Zhongning	海原 Haiyuan	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	甘肃 Gansu
Shannon	0.75±0.40	0.99±0.30	0.48±0.43	1.02±0.42
Simpson	0.6±0.21	0.53±0.16	0.68±0.28	0.43±0.09
ACE	11.63±4.24	6.38±5.55	3.33±5.77	3.85±3.34
Chao1	10.00±2.65	8.33±1.15	4.78±3.24	8.67±5.51
Heip	0.17±0.20	0.25±0.13	0.36±0.46	0.29±0.05
Coverage	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00

图1 属水平不同宁夏枸杞品种样品中AMF相对分布图 A:不同品种AMF相对丰度;B:不同品种组间差异AMF

Fig.1 Relative abundance of AMF genus among different varieties A:Relative AMF abundance in different varieties. B:Significant differences among different varieties

图2 属水平不同宁夏枸杞产区样品中AMF相对分布图 A:不同产区AMF相对丰度;B:不同产区组间差异AMF

Fig.2 Relative abundance of AMF at genus level among cultivated regions A:Relative AMF abundance in differentin cultivated regions. B:Significant differences among cultivated regions

表3 种水平不同宁夏枸杞品种样品中AMF相对分布表

Table 3 Relative abundance of AMF among different varieties at species level

种名Species	不同品种Different varieties/%
种名Species	N7	N9	M1	M2
Glomus_iranicum_VTX00155	0	0	4.1	0
Rhizophagus_intraradices_VTX00100	18	0	1.7	33.3
Glomus_VTX00105	0	0	4.9	0
Glomus_VTX00113	52.3	11.3	87.3	33.3
Glomus_VTX00155	0	0	1.5	0
Glomus_VTX00156	18.5	42.9	0	0
Glomus_VTX00301	5.3	0	0	0
Glomus_VTX00304	3.6	12.4	0	0
Glomus_VTX00393	0	0	0	33.3
unclassified_OTU14	0	19.1	0	0
unclassified_OTU15	0	8.6	0	0
unclassified_OTU32	0	4.7	0	0
others	2.3	0.9	0.3	0

表4 种水平不同宁夏枸杞产区样品中AMF相对分布表

Table 4 Relative abundance of AMF among different cultivation regions at species level

种名Species	不同产区Different cultivation regions/%
种名Species	海原 Haiyuan	中宁 Zhongning	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	甘肃 Gansu
Claroideoglomus_ VTX00193	2.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Glomus_VTX00085	6.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Glomus_VTX00155	0.0	25.4	0.0	0.0
Glomus_VTX00214	1.3	0.0	10.8	0.0
Glomus_VTX00222	0.0	7.9	0.0	0.8
Glomus_VTX00301	1.9	0.0	22.5	5.4
Rhizophagus_intraradices_ VTX00100	0.0	0.0	0.0	18.0
unclassified_OTU32	0.0	0.0	33.3	0.0
unclassified_OTU39	0.0	32.9	0.0	0.0
Glomus_VTX00113	69.8	5.0	0.7	52.2
Glomus_VTX00156	12.8	22.2	0.0	18.5
Glomus_VTX00165	0.0	0.0	17.2	0.0
Glomus_VTX00247	0.5	0.2	15.4	0.6
Glomus_VTX00304	3.7	5.9	0.0	3.7
others	1.1	0.4	0.0	0.8

图3 种水平不同宁夏枸杞品种和产区样品中AMF组间显著差异图 A:不同品种组间差异AMF;B:不同产区组间差异AMF

Fig.3 Significant differences of AMF among different varieties and cultivated regions at species level A:Significant differences among different varieties. B:Significant differences among different cultivated regions

图4 宁夏枸杞根系AMF OTU分布Venn图

Fig.4 Venn of AMF in L. barbarum roots at OTU level

图5 宁夏枸杞根系AMF OTU和样品共现性网络图 A:不同品种;B:不同产区

Fig.5 Co-occurrence patterns of AMF in L. barbarum roots at OTU level A:Different varieties. B:Different cultivaion regions

图6 基于Bray_Curtis距离AMF群落的NMDS排序图 A:不同品种;B:不同产区

Fig.6 NMDS ordination based on Bray_Curtis similarities of AMF community A:Different varieties. B:Different cultivation regions

图7 基于种水平宁夏枸杞根系AMF与枸杞有效成分相关性heatmap图 A:不同品种;B:不同产区

Fig.7 Correlation heatmap of AMF and main active ingredients in L. barbarum roots at species level A:Different varieties. B:Different cultivation regions

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