生物技术通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 190-196.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2016-0826

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻恶苗病拮抗菌的筛选、鉴定及其抑菌活性

李玉洋1, 辛寒晓2, 范学明2, 刘丽英1, 孙中涛1   

  1. 1. 山东农业大学生命科学学院,泰安 271018; 2. 山东佐田氏生物科技有限公司,济南 250000
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-31 出版日期:2017-05-25 发布日期:2017-05-19
  • 作者简介:李玉洋,硕士,研究方向:微生物工程,E-mail:931353121qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省科技重大专项(2015ZDXX0502B04),山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目

Screening and Identification of an Antagonistic Strain Against Fusarium moniliforme in Rice and Its Antifungal Activity

LI Yu-yang1, XIN Han-xiao2, FAN Xue-ming2, LIU Li-ying1, SUN Zhong-tao1   

  1. 1. College of Life Sciences,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018;; 2. Shandong Zuotianshi Biotechnology Company Limited,Jinan 250000
  • Received:2016-08-31 Published:2017-05-25 Online:2017-05-19

摘要: 从水稻根际土壤中筛选出拮抗水稻恶苗病的菌株,初步研究其抑菌作用及生防效果。采用平板稀释法从水稻根际土壤中分离获得菌株,以水稻恶苗病菌为靶标菌采用平板对峙法筛选出拮抗菌;通过形态学特征、生理生化特征及16S rDNA序列分析对筛选出的拮抗菌进行鉴定;检测拮抗菌无菌发酵液对水稻恶苗病菌菌丝生长的影响,同时测定拮抗菌的抑菌谱及进行盆栽实验。分离得到6株拮抗菌,其中有一株对水稻恶苗病菌拮抗作用较强的菌株SH15,经鉴定菌株SH15为多粘类芽孢杆菌。菌株无菌发酵液对水稻恶苗病菌菌丝生长有显著抑制作用;菌株SH15抑菌谱广,对水稻恶苗病菌、层出镰孢菌、棉花枯萎病菌、辣椒疫病菌、棉花黄萎病、黄瓜黑斑病菌均有一定的抑菌活性。水稻盆栽实验表明,接种多粘类芽孢杆菌SH15可显著降水稻恶苗病的发病指数,平均防效高达65.68%。因此,多粘类芽孢杆菌SH15在水稻恶苗病的生物防治方面具有一定的应用价值。

关键词: 水稻恶苗病菌, 多粘类芽孢杆菌, 无菌发酵液, 拮抗谱

Abstract: This work is to select an antagonistic strain against Fusarium moniliforme in rice from the rhizosphere soil of rice,and study its primary inhibitory effect on plant pathogens and biocontrol effect. The strain was separated from the rhizosphere soil of rice by the plate dilution method,using the F. moniliforme as the indicator strain for the antagonistic strain being screened by plate confrontation method. It was identified based on morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis. The effects of the sterile fermented liquor of the strain on the hypha growth of F. moniliforme were analyzed,and its antagonistic spectrum was measured,also pot experiment was conducted. Six strains were isolated,and one SH15 presented highly antagonistic effect on F. moniliforme,and was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa. Sterile fermented liquor of strain SH15 showed significant inhibitory effect on hypha growth of F. moniliforme. Strain SH15 had broad antimicrobial spectrum,antibacterial activity on F. moniliforme,Fusarium proliferatum,Fusarium oxysporum,Phytophthora capsici,Phytopthora infestans,and Alternaria cucumerina. Rice pot experiments revealed that inoculation of the P. polymyxa SH15 significantly reduced the disease index of Fusarium moniliforme in rice with the average efficiency 65.68%. Therefore,there is certain application value for P. polymyxa SH15 in biological control of rice bakanae disease.

Key words: Fusarium moniliforme, Paenibacillus polymyxa sterile, fermented liquid, antagonistic spectrum