复合菌群的构建及其对马铃薯生长的影响

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-1426

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的构建促生复合菌群，系统评估其对马铃薯的促生效应及田间应用潜力。方法以促生效果优良的2株皮氏罗尔斯顿菌（Ralstonia pickettii CX15, Rp.CX15； R. pickettii CX18, Rp.CX18）为核心菌株，联合具有促生功能（Serratia marcescens P2A12, Sm.P2A12；Pseudomonas sp. CX02, Ps.sp.CX02）、耐盐功能（Pseudomonas sp. P3A2, Ps.sp.P3A2）和对病原菌有拮抗功能（P. chlororaphis P1E11, Pc.P1E11）的菌株构建复合菌群。通过代谢物与菌液共培养及平板对峙实验评估菌株间的兼容性；在盆栽体系下对构建的14组复合菌群进行测试，比较单菌株与复合菌群的促生效果；在自然土盆栽体系下测试复合菌群的促生能力，并比较2种接种方式对其促生效果的影响；在大田环境中评估复合菌群对马铃薯单株薯块重量的影响。结果共筛选出B2（Rp.CX18 + Ps.sp.CX02）、B4（Rp.CX18 + Pc.P1E11）、B6（Rp.CX18 + Ps.sp.P3A2）和C4（Rp.CX18 + Ps.sp.CX02 + Ps.sp.P3A2）4组具有促生能力的复合菌群。其中，B2使马铃薯幼苗的茎粗、地上和地下部干重分别增加50.37%、97.92%和117.85%。在接种方式方面，基质接种+苗期接种（SSI）显著优于单一基质接种（SI）。大田试验结果表明，B2和B6使二倍体马铃薯单株薯块重量分别提高12.71%和12.77%。结论以Rp.CX18为核心构建的复合菌群B2和B6能显著提高马铃薯幼苗的生物量，并在田间能够增加马铃薯单株薯块重量，为复合菌群在马铃薯及其他作物中的应用提供参考。

关键词: 马铃薯, 皮氏罗尔斯顿菌, 促生复合菌群, 功能互补, 根际微生物

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to construct plant growth-promoting microbial consortia and systematically evaluate their efficacy in enhancing potato growth and their application potential under field conditions. Method Two efficient Ralstonia pickettii strains (Rp.CX15 and Rp.CX18) were selected as core components and combined with partner strains exhibiting growth-promoting (Serratia marcescens P2A12, Sm.P2A12; Pseudomonas sp. CX02, Ps.sp.CX02), salt-tolerant (Pseudomonas sp. P3A2, Ps.sp.P3A2), and pathogen-antagonistic (Pseudomonas chlororaphis P1E11, Pc.P1E11) traits. Strain compatibility was evaluated using metabolite-cell co-culture assays and plate confrontation tests. Fourteen groups of microbial consortia were initially screened in pot experiments to compare the efficacy of multi-strain consortia against individual strains. The growth-promoting ability of the multi-strain consortia was tested in a natural soil potted system, and growth-promoting effects under two inoculation methods were also compared. Field trials were subsequently conducted to evaluate the effect of the multi-strain consortia on tuber yield per plant. Result Four groups of effective consortia were identified: B2 (Rp.CX18 + Ps.sp.CX02), B4 (Rp.CX18 + Pc.P1E11), B6 (Rp.CX18 + Ps.sp.P3A2), and C4 (Rp.CX18 + Ps.sp.CX02 + Ps.sp.P3A2). Under B2 treatment, stem diameter, aboveground dry weight, and belowground dry weight of potato seedlings increased by 50.37%, 97.92%, and 117.85%, respectively. Substrate inoculation combined with seedling-stage inoculation (SSI) was more effective than substrate inoculation alone (SI). In field trials, B2 and B6 increased tuber weight per plant of diploid potato by 12.71% and 12.77%, respectively. Conclusion The microbial consortia B2 and B6, constructed with Rp.CX18 as the core strain, significantly enhanced potato seedling biomass and increased tuber weight per plant under field conditions. These findings provide a reference for the application of microbial consortia in potato and other crops.

Key words: potato, Ralstonia pickettii, growth-promoting microbial consortia, functional complementarity, rhizosphere microorganisms

阳涛, 曾繁城, 曾宇笑, 陶瑞岩, 薛志红, 陶茜, 仲阳, 江帆, 熊兴耀, 程旭. 复合菌群的构建及其对马铃薯生长的影响[J]. 生物技术通报, 2026, 42(5): 89-100.

YANG Tao, ZENG Fan-cheng, ZENG Yu-xiao, TAO Rui-yan, XUE Zhi-hong, TAO Qian, ZHONG Yang, JIANG Fan, XIONG Xing-yao, CHENG Xu. Construction of Efficient Microbial Consortia and Their Effects on Potato Growth[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(5): 89-100.

图/表 7

表1 复合菌群的组成信息

Table 1 Composition information of microbial consortia

菌群编号 Consortium ID	核心菌株 Core strains	其他功能菌株 Additional functional strains	菌株总数 Total number of strains
B1	Rp.CX15	Ps.sp.CX02	2
B3	Rp.CX15	Pc.P1E11	2
B5	Rp.CX15	Ps.sp.P3A2	2
C1	Rp.CX15	Ps.sp.CX02 + Pc.P1E11	3
C3	Rp.CX15	Ps.sp.CX02 + Ps.sp.P3A2	3
C5	Rp.CX15	Pc.P1E11 + Ps.sp.P3A2	3
D1	Rp.CX15	Ps.sp.CX02 + Pc.P1E11 + Ps.sp.P3A2	4
B2	Rp.CX18	Ps.sp.CX02	2
B4	Rp.CX18	Pc.P1E11	2
B6	Rp.CX18	Ps.sp.P3A2	2
C2	Rp.CX18	Ps.sp.CX02 + Pc.P1E11	3
C4	Rp.CX18	Ps.sp.CX02 + Ps.sp.P3A2	3
C6	Rp.CX18	Pc.P1E11 + Ps.sp.P3A2	3
D2	Rp.CX18	Ps.sp.CX02 + Pc.P1E11 + Ps.sp.P3A2	4

图1 供试单菌株的菌落形态、促生效能及抗病耐盐潜力验证A：1/2 TSA培养基上各单菌株的菌落形态及接种马铃薯实生种子3周后的幼苗表型；B：Pc.P1E11与致病菌（AP；PC48）的平板对峙实验结果；C：在200 mmol/L NaCl条件下，Ps.sp.P3A2对马铃薯幼苗生长的表型验证

Fig. 1 Colony morphology, growth-promoting effects, and validation of the disease-suppressive and salt-tolerant potential of the tested strainsA: Colony morphologies of individual strains on 1/2 TSA medium and phenotypes of potato seedlings at three weeks post-inoculation. B: Results of the dual-culture assay between strain Pc.P1E11 and the pathogen (AP; PC48). C: Phenotypic validation of the effect of strain Ps.sp.P3A2 on potato seedling growth under 200 mmol/L NaCl stress

图2 不同菌株间相互作用评估及菌株组合对二倍体马铃薯促生效应的验证A：1/2 TSA 培养基上两两菌株对峙实验结果；B：上清液处理下各菌株的生长情况，圆圈表示比值（OD600_菌株+上清液 / OD600_菌株）；C-F：不同处理对马铃薯幼苗地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、总根长和根系总面积的影响（n=6），箱线图误差线为标准差。未标注者表示差异不显著（ns），显著性分析采用独立样本t检验，*P<0.05， **P<0.01， ***P<0.001。下同

Fig. 2 Evaluation of interactions among different strains and verification of the growth-promoting effects of strain combinations on diploid potatoA: Results of pairwise confrontation assays of strains on 1/2 TSA medium. B: Growth performance of each strain under supernatant treatment, where circles indicate the ratio (OD₆₀₀_strain + supernatant/OD₆₀₀_strain). C-F: Effects of different treatments on the aboveground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, total root length, and total root area of potato seedlings (n=6). Error bars in box plots indicate standard deviation. ns denotes no significant difference (independent-sample t-test, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001), the same below

图3 不同菌株组合对马铃薯幼苗生长指标的影响A-D：分别为地上部干重、地下部干重、茎粗、全株干重；柱状图中误差线为标准差（n=4）。图例为各组合中菌株的存在情况（实心圆点表示存在）

Fig. 3 Effects of different strain combinations on growth indicators of potato seedlingsA-D: Aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight, stem diameter, and total plant dry weight, respectively. Error bars in the bar charts indicate the standard deviation (n=4). The legend indicates the presence of strains in each combination (solid dots indicate presence)

图4 复合菌群在自然土壤条件下的促生效果评估A：植株生长表型；B-G：叶绿素相对含量、茎粗、株高、地上部干重、地下部干重、全株干重的测定结果（n=4），不同处理组间的差异采用单因素方差分析检验，不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）

Fig. 4 Evaluation of growth-promoting effects of microbial consortia under natural soil conditionsA: Plant growth phenotypes. B-G: Relative chlorophyll content, stem diameter, plant height, aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight, and total plant dry weight (n=4). Differences among different treatment groups were tested using one-way analysis of variance. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05)

图5 不同接种方式下复合菌群对马铃薯实生苗生长的影响A：叶绿素相对含量；B：株高；C：地上部鲜重；D：地下部鲜重；E：地上部干重；F：地下部干重；G：总生物量；H：不同处理下幼苗的形态表现。SI表示基质接种处理，SSI表示基质接种联合幼苗接种处理。图中使用不同颜色来区分B2、B4、B6、C4四个复合菌群处理组（n=8）

Fig. 5 Effects of different inoculation methods on the growth-promoting efficacy of microbial consortia on potato seedlingsA: Relative chlorophyll content. B: Plant height. C: Aboveground fresh weight. D: Underground fresh weight. E: Aboveground dry weight. F: Underground dry weight. G: Total biomass. H: Phenotypic performance of seedlings under different treatments. SI: Substrate inoculation treatment. SSI: Substrate inoculation combined with seedling inoculation treatment. Different colors in the figure are used to distinguish the four microbial consortia treatment groups (B2, B4, B6, and C4) (n=8)

图6 复合菌群对马铃薯田间单株薯块重量的影响A：二倍体马铃薯（YS3品系）单株薯块重量；B：四倍体马铃薯（费乌瑞它）单株薯块重量

Fig. 6 Effect of microbial consortia on tuber weight per plant of potato under field conditionsA: Tuber weight per plant of diploid potato (YS3 line). B: Tuber weight per plant of tetraploid potato (Favorita)

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