微生物燃料电池中产电微生物的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0222

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 微生物燃料电池（Microbial fuel cell，MFC）作为一种新型的环境治理和能源技术，目前已得到研究者们的广泛关注。微生物燃料电池是一种利用微生物将有机物中的化学能转化成电能的装置，产电微生物作为生物催化剂，对微生物燃料电池的发展至关重要。不同种类的产电微生物，其电子转移机制与能力有所差异，直接影响MFC的产电性能，从而决定MFC在工程实践中的性能与应用。任何含有大量微生物的废水、污泥、沉积物都可以作为产电微生物的筛选来源，尝试从不同环境条件下分离筛选高效产电微生物有望促进MFC的进一步完善，从而加速其在环境中的应用。通过对微生物燃料电池的发展、产电微生物种类及其电子传递机制等进行总结分析，综述了MFC中产电微生物的最新研究进展，包括产电微生物的筛选方法、种类以及技术研究等，最后展望了今后在产电微生物方面的主要研究方向及MFC的发展前景，以期为产电微生物的的筛选和应用奠定相应的理论基础及提供思路。

关键词: 微生物燃料电池（MFC）, 产电微生物, 电子传递机制

Abstract: Microbial fuel cell（MFC），one of the novel environmental and energy technologies，is attracting attention of numerous researchers. MFC is a device that utilizes microorganisms to convert chemical energy from organic matter into electrical energy. As a biocatalyst，electricigens play a key role in the development of MFC. Different kinds of electrogenes have different electron transfer mechanism and ability，affect the production performance of MFC directly，then determine the MFC performance and application in engineering practice. Any waste water，sludge，and sediment containing a large amount of microorganisms，try to screening high efficient electrogenes isolated from different environment is expected to promote the further perfect of MFC，so as to accelerate its application in the environment. The latest progress of electricigens in MFCs from several aspects were summarized，including of the development of MFC’s operation，the electricigens species and their electron transfer mechanism，specifically including the screening methods of electricigens，types and the related technology research. Finally，the main research trends of electricigens and the potential application of MFC in the future are also listed，aiming at providing the corresponding theoretical basis and new ideas for the screening and application of electricigens.

Key words: microbial fuel cell, electricigens, electron transfer mechanism

张霞, 肖莹, 周巧红, 吴振斌. 微生物燃料电池中产电微生物的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2017, 33(10): 64-73.

ZHANG Xia, XIAO Ying, ZHOU Qiao-hong, WU Zhen-bin. Research Progress on Electricigens in Microbial Fuel Cell[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2017, 33(10): 64-73.

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