固定化漆酶去除废水中双酚A

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0377

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

双酚A（BPA）是一种重要的有机化工原料,被广泛用于制造聚碳酸酯和环氧树脂塑料。该化合物可在野生生物和人体内富集,导致生物体内分泌系统失衡和紊乱,甚至诱发癌症风险。采用吸附、芬顿氧化、电化学、光降解和生物膜过滤等技术可有效去除废水中BPA。然而,这些常规的方法难以消除痕量BPA,且易对生态环境造成二次破坏。漆酶介导的自由基氧化具有反应条件温和、催化效率高、操作可控和经济环保等优点,在修复BPA污染废水方面具有极高的战略价值。目前,固定化技术的应用不仅有望实现漆酶对BPA的连续处理,也能够强化漆酶氧化降解BPA。综述了环境中BPA的主要来源及其对生物体的健康危害,重点分析了固定化漆酶对水体中BPA的转化作用和机理,明确了反应体系中BPA转化中间体产物的生态毒性,旨在为大规模应用固定化漆酶去除废水中BPA奠定理论基础和提供技术指导。

关键词: 双酚A, 固定化漆酶, 废水处理

Abstract:

Bisphenol A（BPA）is an essential synthetic chemical material,which is generally used as a plasticizer in industrial and residential applications to produce polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. BPA may accumulate in wildlife and human body,which leads to imbalance and disorder of the endocrine system of the organism,and even induces cancer risk. Adsorption,Fenton oxidation,electrochemistry,photocatalytic degradation,and biological film filtering are capable of effectively removing BPA in wastewater. However,it is difficult for these conventional technologies to eliminate trace amounts of BPA,and even easily causes secondary damages to the ecological environment. Fortunately,laccase-catalyzed radical oxidation reactions have the advantages of mild reaction conditions,high catalytic performance,controllable operation,cost-effectiveness,and environmental friendliness,and thus it has extremely high strategic value in repairing BPA polluted wastewater. Currently,the application of immobilization technology is not only expected to achieve the continuous removal of BPA by laccase,but reinforces laccase-mediated oxidative degradation of BPA. The main sources of BPA and its harms to organisms are reviewed,and particularly,the immobilized laccase-catalyzed transformation efficiency and mechanism of BPA are systematically summarized,further the ecotoxicity of BPA intermediate products is also clarified in laccase-mediated reaction processes. These findings are aimed at laying a theoretical basis and technical support for the large-scale application of immobilized laccase in wastewater treatment.

Key words: bisphenol A, immobilized laccase, wastewater treatment

孙凯, 陈正杰, 汪登洋, 束茹玉, 吴吉, 韦凡. 固定化漆酶去除废水中双酚A[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(12): 188-198.

SUN Kai, CHEN Zheng-jie, WANG Deng-yang, SHU Ru-yu, WU Ji, WEI Fan. Removal of Bisphenol A in Wastewater by Immobilized Laccase[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(12): 188-198.

图/表 8

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漆酶来源	反应条件	去除效率	主要中间产物	参考文献
绒毛栓菌（Trametes pubescens）	87.6 μmol/L BPA,1.5 U/mL漆酶（固定在海藻酸钙）,pH 5.0,30℃,反应2 h	> 99%	未检测	[14]
硬毛粗毛盖孔菌（Funalia trogii）	0.22 mmol/L BPA,23.4 U漆酶,pH 5.5,40℃,反应1 h	100%	烯丙基苯酚、甲氧基苯酚和开环产物	[35]
糙皮侧耳（Pleurotus ostreatus）	0.88 mmol/L BPA,8 U/L漆酶,pH 5.0,28℃,反应1 h	85%	芳香族和脂肪族代谢产物	[36]
粗毛革孔菌（Coriolopsis gallica）	43.8 μmol/L BPA,1 U/mL漆酶,1 mmol/L HBT,pH 5.0,45℃,反应 2 h	85%	羧酸衍生物	[38]
长绒毛栓菌（Trametes villosa）	2.2 mmol/L BPA,1.5 U/mL漆酶,pH 6.0,60℃,反应3 h	100%	4-异丙基苯酚	[39]
变色栓菌（Trametes versicolor）	1 mmol/L BPA,每克载体含0.3 mg漆酶（固定在聚丙烯腈）,pH 5.0,25℃,反应100 min	100%	未检测	[40]
血红密孔菌（Pycnoporus sanguineus）	87.6 μmol/L BPA,0.62 U/mL漆酶（固定在陶瓷载体）,pH 5.0,25℃,反应9 h	95%	二聚体、低聚物和4-异丙基苯酚	[41]
变色栓菌（Trametes versicolor）	87.6 μmol/L BPA,0.12 U/mL漆酶,pH 6.0,30℃,反应3 h	> 95%	大分子聚合物	[42]
长绒毛栓菌（Trametes villosa）	2.2 mmol/L BPA,1.48 U/mL漆酶,pH 6.0,室温,反应4 d	-	二聚体、三聚体、四聚体、五聚体和六聚体	[43]
变色栓菌（Trametes versicolor）	43.8 μmol/L BPA,1.0 U/mL漆酶,pH 6.0,24℃,反应8 h	96%	二聚体、三聚体和4-异丙基苯酚	[44]

漆酶来源	反应条件	去除效率	主要中间产物	参考文献
绒毛栓菌（Trametes pubescens）	87.6 μmol/L BPA,1.5 U/mL漆酶（固定在海藻酸钙）,pH 5.0,30℃,反应2 h	> 99%	未检测	[14]
硬毛粗毛盖孔菌（Funalia trogii）	0.22 mmol/L BPA,23.4 U漆酶,pH 5.5,40℃,反应1 h	100%	烯丙基苯酚、甲氧基苯酚和开环产物	[35]
糙皮侧耳（Pleurotus ostreatus）	0.88 mmol/L BPA,8 U/L漆酶,pH 5.0,28℃,反应1 h	85%	芳香族和脂肪族代谢产物	[36]
粗毛革孔菌（Coriolopsis gallica）	43.8 μmol/L BPA,1 U/mL漆酶,1 mmol/L HBT,pH 5.0,45℃,反应 2 h	85%	羧酸衍生物	[38]
长绒毛栓菌（Trametes villosa）	2.2 mmol/L BPA,1.5 U/mL漆酶,pH 6.0,60℃,反应3 h	100%	4-异丙基苯酚	[39]
变色栓菌（Trametes versicolor）	1 mmol/L BPA,每克载体含0.3 mg漆酶（固定在聚丙烯腈）,pH 5.0,25℃,反应100 min	100%	未检测	[40]
血红密孔菌（Pycnoporus sanguineus）	87.6 μmol/L BPA,0.62 U/mL漆酶（固定在陶瓷载体）,pH 5.0,25℃,反应9 h	95%	二聚体、低聚物和4-异丙基苯酚	[41]
变色栓菌（Trametes versicolor）	87.6 μmol/L BPA,0.12 U/mL漆酶,pH 6.0,30℃,反应3 h	> 95%	大分子聚合物	[42]
长绒毛栓菌（Trametes villosa）	2.2 mmol/L BPA,1.48 U/mL漆酶,pH 6.0,室温,反应4 d	-	二聚体、三聚体、四聚体、五聚体和六聚体	[43]
变色栓菌（Trametes versicolor）	43.8 μmol/L BPA,1.0 U/mL漆酶,pH 6.0,24℃,反应8 h	96%	二聚体、三聚体和4-异丙基苯酚	[44]