植物内源激发子调控的胞内转运参与植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0124

生物技术通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 17-27.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0124

植物内源激发子调控的胞内转运参与植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应的研究进展

李思博(), 钱虹萍, 徐昌文, 王笑, 林金星, 崔亚宁()

^1.林木遗传育种全国重点实验室，北京 100083
^2.林木育种与生态修复国家工程研究中心，北京 100083
^3.树木花卉育种生物工程国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京 100083
^4.北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院，北京 100083

收稿日期:2025-02-06 出版日期:2025-07-26 发布日期:2025-07-22
通讯作者: 崔亚宁，女，副教授，研究方向：植物细胞分子生物学；E-mail: cuiyaning@bjfu.edu.cn
作者简介:李思博，女，硕士研究生，研究方向：植物细胞分子生物学；E-mail: lisibo@bjfu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32370740);国家自然科学基金项目(32000483);北京市科技新星计划(20230484251);高等学校学科创新引智计划(B13007)

Research Progress in the Involvement of Intracellular Transport Regulated by Endogenous Elicitors in Plant Growth and Development and Response to Adverse Stress

LI Si-bo(), QIAN Hong-ping, XU Chang-wen, WANG Xiao, LIN Jin-xing, CUI Ya-ning()

^1.State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Beijing 100083
^2.Forest Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, National Engineering Research Center, Beijing 100083
^3.Key Laboratory of Bioengineering of Tree and Flower Breeding, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100083
^4.College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083

Received:2025-02-06 Published:2025-07-26 Online:2025-07-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

内源激发子是植物在感知到病原菌侵染或机械损伤时所释放的内源性信号分子。这些激发子一旦产生，能够被定位在细胞质膜上的模式识别受体（pattern recognition receptors, PRRs）识别，从而触发并放大免疫应答反应（如pattern-triggered immunity, PTI）。内源激发子能够借助磷酸化、泛素化等蛋白修饰方式，对PRRs蛋白的胞吞作用进行调控，调节PRRs在胞内的循环或降解过程，进而影响免疫信号的传导。这些过程不但参与植物针对病原体的防御，而且与植物生长发育及逆境胁迫响应的调节相关。本文对植物内源激发子及其受体的最新研究进展进行了全面而系统的概述，详细探讨了内源激发子对PRRs胞内转运的调控，并深入分析了其在植物生长发育和抗性反应中的关键作用，以期为理解植物抗病反应的分子和细胞学机理提供全新视角。

关键词: 植物内源激发子, 模式识别受体（PRRs）, 胞内转运, 植物免疫

Abstract:

Endogenous elicitors are endogenous signal molecules released by plants in response to pathogen infection or mechanical damage. When plants perceive the threat of infection by pathogens or suffer mechanical damage, they release endogenous elicitors. Once produced, these elicitors can be recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) located on the plasma membrane of the cell, triggering and amplifying an immune response (such as PTI). Endogenous elicitors can regulate the endocytosis of PRRs protein by means of protein modifications such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, and regulate the intracellular cycle or degradation of PRRs, thus affecting the transmission of immune signals. These processes are not only involved in plant defense against pathogens, but also related to plant growth and development and regulation of resistance response.In this paper, the latest research progress of endogenous elicitors and their receptors is reviewed comprehensively and systematically. The regulation of endogenous elicitors on PRRs intracellular transport is discussed in detail, and the key role of endogenous elicitors in plant growth and development and resistance is also analyzed in depth, aiming to provide a new perspective for understanding the molecular and cytological mechanism of plant resistance response.

Key words: plant endogenous elicitors, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), intracellular transport, plant immunity

李思博, 钱虹萍, 徐昌文, 王笑, 林金星, 崔亚宁. 植物内源激发子调控的胞内转运参与植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(7): 17-27.

LI Si-bo, QIAN Hong-ping, XU Chang-wen, WANG Xiao, LIN Jin-xing, CUI Ya-ning. Research Progress in the Involvement of Intracellular Transport Regulated by Endogenous Elicitors in Plant Growth and Development and Response to Adverse Stress[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(7): 17-27.

图/表 2

图1 Pep1的分泌和PEPR1的胞吞转运当植物遭受特定刺激时，细胞胞外Ca2+迅速流入胞内，进而引起胞内Ca2+浓度迅速升高，激活半胱氨酸蛋白酶MC4，从而对AtPROPEP1 C末端特定位点进行切割，并将AtPep1释放到细胞胞质中，最后AtPep1可能通过MVB与质膜融合的方式运送到胞外。胞外的AtPep1能够识别并结合质膜上的PEPR1受体，诱导PEPR1与共受体BAK1发生异源二聚化，并诱导PEPR1发生胞吞作用，调节免疫信号的传递。AtPep 1-PEPR1复合物可能绕过TGN/EE直接内化至MVB。MC4： Ca2+依赖型半胱氨酸蛋白酶 4； MVB：多泡体； PROPEP 1： Pep 1前体蛋白； Pep 1：植物激发子肽1； PEPR1： Pep 1受体蛋白； BAK1：油菜素内酯不敏感1相关受体激酶1

Fig. 1 Pep1 secretion and PEPR1 endocytosisExtracellular Ca2+ quickly flows into the cell when plants are subjected to specific stimuli, which in turn causes the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ to rise rapidly, activates cysteine protease MC4, thus cutting the specific site of the C terminal of AtPROPEP1 and releasing AtPep1 into the cytoplasm. Finally, AtPep1 may be secreted extracellular by MVB fusion with plasma membrane. Extracellular AtPep1 can recognize and bind to the PEPR1 receptor on the plasma membrane, induce heterodimerization of PEPR1 and co-receptor BAK1, induce endocytosis of PEPR1, and regulate immune signal transmission. The AtPep 1-PEPR1 complex may bypass TGN/EE and internalize directly to MVB. MC4: Ca2+-dependent metacaspase 4; MVB: multivesicular body; PROPEP 1: precursor of Pep 1; Pep 1: plant elicitor peptide 1; PEPR1: Pep 1 receptor; BAK1: brassinosteroid-insensitive 1-associated receptor kinase 1

表1 内源激发子与模式识别受体引发的生物学效应

Table 1 Biological effects of endogenous elicitors and pattern recognition receptors

配体 Ligand	受体 Receptor	生物学效应 Biological effects
AtPep1	PEPR1	激活MAPK级联反应，促进防御相关基因的转录迅速诱导细胞内活性氧（如超氧阴离子、过氧化氢）的产生调控植物叶片免疫和主根生长抑制
SYS	SYR1	激活蛋白酶抑制剂基因的表达，抑制昆虫和食草动物的消化蛋白酶 MAPK磷酸化、钙调素基因表达的上调调节植物激素的平衡来影响植物的生长速度和形态
RALF1	FER	抑制质子泵（H⁺-ATPase）的活性，引起细胞生长和扩张的减缓影响细胞形态和细胞壁的合成
PIP1	RLK7	对PAMP flg22信号起放大作用诱导SA信号而非JA信号参与植物免疫调节

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植物内源激发子调控的胞内转运参与植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应的研究进展

Research Progress in the Involvement of Intracellular Transport Regulated by Endogenous Elicitors in Plant Growth and Development and Response to Adverse Stress

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