HEK293细胞悬浮培养技术及其应用研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0029

生物技术通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 82-91.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0029

HEK293细胞悬浮培养技术及其应用研究进展

岳欣豫¹^,²(), 吉雯娜¹^,², 周锦鱼¹^,², 靳莉武¹^,², 杨迪¹^,²^,³, 刘振斌¹^,²^,³, 孙娜¹^,²^,³, 乔自林¹^,²^,³, 马忠仁¹^,²^,³, 王家敏¹^,²^,³()

^1.西北民族大学生物医学研究中心细胞基质疫苗关键技术与产业化教育部工程研究中心，兰州 730030
^2.西北民族大学生物医学研究中心甘肃省动物细胞技术创新中心，兰州 730030
^3.西北民族大学生物医学研究中心生物工程与技术国家民委重点实验室，兰州 730030

收稿日期:2025-01-08 出版日期:2025-08-26 发布日期:2025-08-14
通讯作者: 王家敏，女，博士，副教授，研究方向：动物细胞工程（疫苗方向）；E-mail: 287132290@xbmu.edu.cn
作者简介:岳欣豫，女，硕士研究生，研究方向：动物细胞工程技术；E-mail: 2750078375@qq.com
基金资助:
西北民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(31920240063)

Research Progress in HEK293 Cell Suspension Culture Technology and Its Application

YUE Xin-yu¹^,²(), JI Wen-na¹^,², ZHOU Jin-yu¹^,², JIN Li-wu¹^,², YANG Di¹^,²^,³, LIU Zhen-bin¹^,²^,³, SUN Na¹^,²^,³, QIAO Zi-lin¹^,²^,³, MA Zhong-ren¹^,²^,³, WANG Jia-min¹^,²^,³()

^1.Engineering Research Center for Key Technologies and Industrialization of Cell-Based Vaccines, Ministry of Education, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030
^2.Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030
^3.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030

Received:2025-01-08 Published:2025-08-26 Online:2025-08-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物制药产品的生产主要依赖于哺乳动物细胞，尤其是在制造复杂的蛋白质药物，因为其能够进行复杂的翻译后修饰（post-translational modifications, PTMs），对于蛋白质的功能和稳定性至关重要，一些生物制药商品如重组治疗蛋白、疫苗、抗癌药物和其他临床相关药物等大多数都是利用了哺乳动物细胞平台生产。HEK293细胞（human embryonic kidney 293 cells）是所有人类细胞系中最常用的宿主细胞之一，但由于贴壁细胞在生产应用中的高投资成本，以及血清添加有可能携带的外源风险等问题，导致其最初在生产应用方面受到限制，而HEK293悬浮细胞相比于贴壁细胞更具优势，其不仅生产成本大大降低，没有血清的添加更增加了生产生物制品的安全性。目前，HEK293悬浮细胞已广泛应用于多个领域，并已成为生产蛋白质、疫苗和基因治疗药物的强大载体和新平台。本文综述了HEK293细胞的来源及其衍生细胞系，总结目前贴壁细胞的悬浮驯化技术以及用于HEK293细胞的无血清培养基，并描述目前HEK293细胞在疫苗生产、基因治疗药物生产以及实验室基础研究方面的应用进展，讨论了HEK293细胞大规模生产的意义及存在的问题，最后对未来HEK293细胞的研究方向以及大规模生产的应用前景进行展望。

关键词: HEK293细胞, 悬浮驯化, 生物制药

Abstract:

The production of biopharmaceutical products primarily relies on mammalian cells, especially in the manufacture of complex protein drugs, due to their ability to perform intricate post-translational modifications (PTMs), which are critical for the function and stability of proteins. Most biopharmaceutical products, such as recombinant therapeutic proteins, vaccines, anticancer drugs, and other clinically relevant medications, are produced using mammalian cell platforms. HEK293 cells (human embryonic kidney 293 cells) are one of the most commonly used host cells among all human cell lines; however, the high investment costs associated with adherent cells in production applications and the potential external risks posed by serum additives have initially limited their use in production. In contrast, HEK293 suspension cells offer advantages over adherent cells, such as significantly reduced production costs and enhanced safety in producing biological products due to the absence of serum. Currently, HEK293 suspension cells have been widely applied in various fields and have become a robust vehicle and new platform for the production of proteins, vaccines, and gene therapy drugs. This article reviews the origin of HEK293 cells and their derived cell lines, summarizes the current suspension adaptation techniques for adherent cells, and outlines serum-free media used for HEK293 cells. It also describes the advancements in the application of HEK293 cells in vaccine production, drug production for gene therapy, and fundamental laboratory research. The significance and existing problems of large-scale production of HEK293 cells are discussed, along with prospective research directions and the application prospects of large-scale production in the future.

Key words: HEK293 cells, suspension acclimation, biopharmaceuticals

岳欣豫, 吉雯娜, 周锦鱼, 靳莉武, 杨迪, 刘振斌, 孙娜, 乔自林, 马忠仁, 王家敏. HEK293细胞悬浮培养技术及其应用研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(8): 82-91.

YUE Xin-yu, JI Wen-na, ZHOU Jin-yu, JIN Li-wu, YANG Di, LIU Zhen-bin, SUN Na, QIAO Zi-lin, MA Zhong-ren, WANG Jia-min. Research Progress in HEK293 Cell Suspension Culture Technology and Its Application[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(8): 82-91.

图/表 4

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获批时间 Approval date	产品名 Product name	上市公司 Listed company	地区 Region	批准部门 Approving department	预防病毒 Prevention viruses
2017	Ad5-EBOV	康希诺生物科技股份有限公司	中国	中国国家药品监督管理局	埃博拉病毒
2019	Ad26.ZEBOV	强生公司	欧盟	欧洲药品管理局	埃博拉病毒
2020	ChAdOx1-S	牛津大学和阿斯利康	英国	美国药品管理局	新型冠状病毒
2020	AZD1222	阿斯利康	英国	英国药品和健康产品监管局	新型冠状病毒
2021	CONVIDECIA	康希诺生物科技股份有限公司	中国	中国国家药品监督管理局	新型冠状病毒
2021	Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19	强生公司	美国	美国食品药品监督管理局	新型冠状病毒

获批时间 Approval date	产品名 Product name	上市公司 Listed company	地区 Region	批准部门 Approving department	预防病毒 Prevention viruses
2017	Ad5-EBOV	康希诺生物科技股份有限公司	中国	中国国家药品监督管理局	埃博拉病毒
2019	Ad26.ZEBOV	强生公司	欧盟	欧洲药品管理局	埃博拉病毒
2020	ChAdOx1-S	牛津大学和阿斯利康	英国	美国药品管理局	新型冠状病毒
2020	AZD1222	阿斯利康	英国	英国药品和健康产品监管局	新型冠状病毒
2021	CONVIDECIA	康希诺生物科技股份有限公司	中国	中国国家药品监督管理局	新型冠状病毒
2021	Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19	强生公司	美国	美国食品药品监督管理局	新型冠状病毒

HEK293细胞悬浮培养技术及其应用研究进展

Research Progress in HEK293 Cell Suspension Culture Technology and Its Application

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