Abstract: In recent years,emerging diseases such as severe fever with throm-bocytopenia syndrome（commonly known as “tick biting disease”）and Schmallenberg disease have caused widespread attentions to Bunyavirus. Bunyavirus is a type of negative-strand RNA virus with high infectivity and high mortality. Due to the fragmented nature of its genome,it is prone to gene rearrangement among its members,resulting in new viruses with increased virulence and increased host range,thus posing a major threat to human health. This article reviews the recent studies on the rearranged phenomena,molecular mechanism and the potential pathogenic hazards of Bunyaviruses rearrangement. Keeping research on the Bunyavirus rearrangement mechanism and the vaccine development is prospected,aiming at providing theoretical basis for the prevention and control of this disease.

Key words: Bunyavirus, gene rearrangement, molecular mechanism.