Advances in Research and Application of Microbial Source Tracking Technology in Aquatic Environment

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0343

Abstract

Abstract: One of the main environmental pollution problems caused by livestock and poultry farming is the fecal pollution to surface water. It is critical to identify the source of fecal pollution associated with livestock for the efficient control of the fecal pollution to water system. Microbial source tracking（MST）is a kind of technique that may locate pollution sources according to the specific relationship between source-indicating microorganisms and hosts. A variety of intestinal microorganisms have been reported to be used as indicators for source tracking of fecal contamination in surface water environments. Based on their phenotypic or genotypic characteristics,various detection methods have been developed,including culture-dependent methods and culture-independent molecular methods. MST can be classified as single-source-indicator methods and multi-source-indicator methods,specifically including bacterial and viral indicator methods,as well as multi-source-indicating DNA microarray and high-throughput sequencing methods. Different types of source-indicating microorganisms and their related detection methods are reviewed in this paper,including their principles and pros and cons,and the issues and challenges while using MST are also discussed. In addition,the application of MST in total maximum daily load（TMDL）promoted by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency（EPA）is briefly summarized,and the development trend of MST is also prospected,aiming at promoting the application of MST in the monitoring of water quality in China.

Key words: fecal pollution, microbial source tracking, source of pollution, source indicators, gene marker

XU You-fen, LI Zong, LIU Ru-yin, YU Zhi-sheng, ZHANG Hong-xun, HE Wei, LI Ye. Advances in Research and Application of Microbial Source Tracking Technology in Aquatic Environment[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(9): 35-44.

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