A Comparative Study of Methods for Extracting Protein from Sesame Residue

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-1130

Abstract

Abstract:

Sesame residue is the main by-product of sesame oil processing,and contains rich proteins. Currently in addition to a few of them are used as feed or fertilizer,most of them is discarded as waste,which causes environmental pollution and serious waste of resources. Therefore,it has a broad application prospect and important practical significance to extract protein from sesame residue for high value utilization. In this study,sesame protein was extracted from sesame residues by the method of deep eutectic solvent（DES）and alkaline extraction followed by acid precipitation,respectively. A novel DES method of extracting sesame protein formed by sodium acetate（CH₃COONa·3H₂O,SAT）and urea was established. The effects of extraction temperature,time,solid-liquid ratio,and extraction times on the extraction rate of protein were investigated. The optimal extraction conditions of sesame protein by SAT-urea system were as follows：temperature 75℃,extraction time 180 min,solid-liquid ratio 1∶50,extracting twice under the conditions of using ethanol to precipitate proteins. Under the optimized conditions,the total protein extraction rate was 71.41%,and the purity of sesame protein was 89.43%. Compared with alkaline extraction followed by acid precipitation,the sesame protein extracted by DES presented high purity;moreover,DES can be recycled and used without waste pollution. These results show that DES extraction method is a new green method of extracting plant protein. This study provides a new insight for the green extraction of plant protein.

Key words: deep eutectic solvent, sesame protein, green extraction, sesame residues

JIAO Xiao-bo, WANG Gao-yang, LI Jin-hong, WANG Xiao-yi, MENG Guo-qing, CUI Jian-dong. A Comparative Study of Methods for Extracting Protein from Sesame Residue[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(4): 273-281.

Figures/Tables 13

Table 1 Preparation conditions of different deep eutectic solvents

DES	氢键受体 Hydrogen bond receptor	氢键供体 Hydrogen bond donor	摩尔比 Molar ratio	制备温度 Temperature /℃
ChCl-乙酸 ChCl-acetic acid	氯化胆碱 ChCl	乙酸 Acetic acid	1﹕2	90
ChCl-尿素 ChCl- urea	氯化胆碱 ChCl	尿素 Urea	1﹕2	90
ChCl-葡萄糖 ChCl- glucose	氯化胆碱 ChCl	葡萄糖 Glucose	2﹕1	90
SAT-尿素 SAT-urea	醋酸钠 ChCl	尿素 Urea	1﹕2	90

Fig. 1 Extraction of sesame protein from sesame residue with 4 deep eutectic solvents

Fig. 2 Effect of different solid-liquid ratios on the extraction of protein from sesame residue by SAT-urea system

Fig. 3 Effect of different extraction time on the extraction of protein from sesame residue by SAT-urea system

Fig. 4 Effect of different temperatures on the extraction of protein from sesame residue by SAT-urea system

Table 2 Effect of extraction times on extraction rate

	第一次提取 First extraction	第二次提取 Second extraction	两次提取 Extraction twice
芝麻渣质量Quality of defatted sesame dreg/g	0.100	0.079	0.100
蛋白提取率Protein extraction rate/%	51.19	20.22	71.41

Fig. 5 Effect of the reusability of SAT-urea system on the extraction of protein from sesame residue

Fig. 6 Effect of sodium hydroxide addition amount on protein extraction rate

Fig. 7 Effect of temperature on protein extraction rate

Fig. 8 Effect of different extraction time on protein extraction rate

Fig. 9 Effect of different solid-to-liquid ratios on protein extraction rate

Fig. 10 Isoelectric point determination of sesame protein

Table 3 Comparison of two extraction methods of sesame protein

提取方法 Extraction method	脱脂芝麻渣质量 Quality of defatted sesame dreg /g	蛋白提取率 Protein extraction rate /%	蛋白纯度 Protein purity /%	蛋白颜色 Color of protein
碱溶酸沉法 Alkali solution and acid precipitation method	0.100	73.86	83.375	深褐色 Dark brown
DES法 The DES method	0.100	71.41	89.433	浅黄色 Light yellow

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