细菌群体感应淬灭酶及其病害防治研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0223

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 微生物细胞间通过信号分子进行信息交流的现象即群体感应（Quorum sensing，QS），QS广泛存在于微生物群体中，且可以调控特定基因尤其是很多致病基因的表达。群体感应淬灭（Quorum quenching，QQ）是基于群体感应现象提出的新型病害防治策略，即通过抑制信号分子的合成、监测或对信号分子进行酶降解、修饰的途径来干扰群体感应以达到防治病害的目的。利用群体感应淬灭酶（Quorum quenching enzymes）降解微生物信号分子，是目前毒性最小、最为有效的群体感应淬灭途径。迄今为止，多种细菌信号分子的群体感应淬灭酶都已有报道，其中，酰基高丝氨酸内酯（N-acyl homoserine lactones，AHLs）和顺-11-甲基-2-癸烯酸（cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid）群体感应淬灭酶研究最为深入。综述并分析了群体感应淬灭酶及其病害防治的研究现状、存在的问题和未来研究方向，为今后发展新型绿色安全病害防控措施提供关键理论和技术支撑。

关键词: 群体感应, 群体感应淬灭酶, 酰基高丝氨酸内酯, 顺-11-甲基-2-癸烯酸

Abstract: The phenomenon of information exchanging through signal molecules between microbial cells is the Quorum Sensing（QS）. QS is widely present in microorganisms，and can modulate the expression of specific genes，especially virulence factors in pathogenic microorganisms. Quorum Quenching（QQ）is a new therapeutic strategy of plant diseases based on QS. QQ can be achieved by interfering QS from inhibiting the synthesis or detection of the signal molecules，or by enzyme-catalyzed degradation or modification of the signal molecules. Degrading signal molecules by using QQ enzymes is one of the most effective and nontoxic ways of QQ. So far，QQ enzymes of various microbial signaling molecules have been reported，especially N-acyl homoserine lactones（AHLs）and cis-11-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid were deeply investigated. In this review，we summarize and analyze the research status，deficiencies and the future development of QQ enzymes and their control of plant diseases，for laying a solid foundation for developing new，green and safe measures of disease control.

Key words: quorum sensing, quorum quenching enzymes, N-acyl homoserine lactones, cis-11-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid

范兴辉, 王惠杉, 何杰华, 叶田, 阳芳, 陈少华. 细菌群体感应淬灭酶及其病害防治研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2017, 33(10): 80-87.

FAN Xing-hui, WANG Hui-shan HE, Jie-hua YE, Tian YANG, Fang CHEN Shao-hua. Research Progress on Microbial Quorum Quenching Enzymes and Their Control of Plant Diseases[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2017, 33(10): 80-87.

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