卵泡抑素生理功能研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0991

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 自20世纪80年代人们从猪和牛的卵泡液中发现卵泡抑素（Follistatin，FST）以来，关于FST的研究从未停止，并通过多种的体内体外实验发现了FST的多种功能作用。FST作为一种分泌型蛋白存在于哺乳动物体内的各种组织器官内，并由多种组织器官分泌，在激素调节，能量代谢，肌肉脂肪组织增殖分化方面具有重大作用。由于FST是从性腺中发现的，人们对于FST调节性激素分泌与信号传递，促进卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育研究的较为透彻，进行过多个物种的动物实验，查明其作用机制。并且FST作为TGF-β超家族（Transforming growth factor-βsuperfamily）的抑制剂，可以特异性与其一员抑肌素（Myostatin，MST）相结合并产生拮抗作用，促进机体肌肉增殖、分化和膨大。棕色脂肪作为哺乳动物体内重要的代谢组织，一直是人们研究的热点，近年来发现FST可以促进棕色脂肪分化，诱导白色脂肪棕色化，并在细胞实验与小鼠实验中得到验证。对FST及其重要功能进行介绍，简要阐述了不同功能的作用机理及发展前景，旨在为日后FST的进一步研究和开发奠定基础。

关键词: 卵泡抑素, 抑肌素, 棕色脂肪

Abstract: Since the discovery of follistatin（FST）in follicular fluid of pigs and cattle in the 1980s，studies on FST have never ceased and various functionalities of FST have been identified by in vivo and in vitro experiments. FST as a secretory protein is present and secreted in various tissues and organs of mammals. It plays a key role in hormone regulation，energy metabolism and muscle adipose tissue proliferation and differentiation. As FST is found from the gonadal，people have clearly studied FST regulating sex hormone secretion and signal transmission and promoting oocyte maturation and embryonic development，and the animal experiments with a number of species were carried out to identify the mechanism of action. FST as an inhibitor of TGF-β superfamily can be specifically combined with a member of myosin（MST），which produces antagonism and promotes muscle proliferation，differentiation and expansion. Brown fat as an important metabolic tissue in mammals has been a hot spot. FST has been found to promote brown adipose differentiation and induce white fat browning in recent years，which has been validated in cell experiments and mouse experiments. This review introduces FST and its important functions as well as the action mechanisms and development prospects of varied function，aiming at paving the basis for further research and development of FST.

Key words: follistatin, myostatin, brown adipose tissue

李浩宇,贺晓云. 卵泡抑素生理功能研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(6): 22-29.

LI Hao-yu ,HE Xiao-yun. Research Advances on the Physiological Functions of Follistatin[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(6): 22-29.

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