南极冰藻对南极极端环境的适应性研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2016.10.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 南极冰藻是生存在南极海水、海冰及冰川融水等环境中各类微藻的总称,是南极海冰-海水生态系统中重要的生态群体和主要的初级生产力来源。南极冰藻有特殊的适应机制来响应南极地区低温、季节性光照、强紫外辐射和高盐度等极端环境,其环境适应性机制的研究是各国科学家研究的热点。综述了南极冰藻的低温、光照和强紫外辐射适应性及其抗逆基因研究等方面的最新进展,以期从多方面阐述和揭示南极冰藻的极端环境适应机制,使人们能更清晰的了解南极微藻在整个地球化学循环过程中的作用。

关键词: 南极冰藻, 极端环境适应机制, 低温适应性, 紫外辐射, 基因调控与响应

Abstract: Antarctic ice microalgae are the phytoplankton or microalgae that thriving in the pelagic,ice and meltwater environments of the Antarctic,which are the main sources of primary production in an otherwise barren region. Antarctic microalgae possess unique adaptations that allow them to proliferate in extreme conditions characterized by low or freezing temperature,seasonal light,strong ultraviolet radiation and high salinity fluctuations. Thus,understanding the underlying mechanisms of their acclimation has gained strong interests in the past years. This paper then aims to provide a succinct review on the progress,status and new paradigms of research on Antarctic microalgae. These new findings on Antarctic ice microalgae will help us gain deeper insights into the general adaptive mechanisms of all phytoplankton to extreme environment and the potential role of these organisms in the important biogeochemical cycles.

Key words: antarctic ice microalgae, extreme environment adaptive mechanisms, cold-adaptability, UV-radiation, gene regulation and response

王以斌, 张爱军, 刘芳明, 郑洲, 缪锦来. 南极冰藻对南极极端环境的适应性研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2016, 32(10): 128-134.

WANG Yi-bin, ZHANG Ai-jun, LIU Fang-ming, ZHENG Zhou, MIAO Jin-lai. Advances in Studies on the Acclimation of Antarctic Ice Microalgae to Extreme Environments[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2016, 32(10): 128-134.

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