接合菌蓝光受体蛋白研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 光信号是一种重要的环境因子,尤其是蓝光可以调控真菌的生长发育、生理周期、基因表达及多种代谢活动。接合菌亚门的真菌对环境信号特别是对光刺激感应灵敏,具有明显的趋向性,是研究真菌信号感应的理想材料,而同时具有无性生殖和有性生殖的特点也使之成为研究性别决定的模型。接合菌处于真菌进化的早期,进化地位低,其多拷贝的蓝光受体蛋白在长期进化过程中形成了完善的光受体系统,能够感应不同波长、光强和方向的蓝光和近紫外光,在接合菌的趋光性和类胡萝卜素合成以及无性生殖和有性生殖等光响应过程中发挥承上启下的重要作用。以接合菌中的代表菌株为例,总结了目前在接合菌中报道的蓝光受体蛋白,从基因发现、功能鉴定、光化学特性和调控途径等方面进行了比较分析,进而从3个方面详细阐述了与高等植物不同的接合菌中光受体蛋白调控的特殊生理过程;最后对以后接合菌蓝光受体蛋白的研究重点和难点进行了思考和展望,旨为相关研究者系统了解接合菌蓝光受体蛋白的功能和发展趋势提供线索和参考。

关键词: 接合菌, 蓝光受体蛋白, 趋光性, 光诱导类胡萝卜素合成

Abstract: Light is a key environmental signal. Light,most notably blue light,may regulate many aspects of the biology of fungi,including vegetative growth,development of fruiting body,the circadian rhythm,pigment formation and varied metabolic pathways. Zygomycete fungi are generally sensitive to environmental signals,especially light stimulation and have obvious tendency,and have served as model organisms to studying light signal transduction in fungi. Zygomycete fungi are at early stage of fungal evolution,i.e.,in low evolution. Their multi-copy blue photo-receptor proteins usually form perfect photoreceptor system during long-term evolution,which may sense blue and near ultraviolet lights at different wavelengths,intensities and directions,thus play a critical role in phototaxis and carotenoid synthesis of zygomyceta,as well as in the photo-response of asexual and sexual reproduction. In this paper,we took the representative strains of Zygomyceta as an example,summarized the blue-light photoreceptor proteins reported by several researchers,and made a comparative analysis from the aspects of gene discovery,function identification,photochemical characteristics,regulatory pathways,etc. Moreover,based on the above three（four）aspects,we described special physiological process mediated and regulated by blue-photoreceptors thatwere entirely different from it in higher plant. In the end,we suggested the future focuses and the confronting difficulties on the studies of blue-photoreceptors in zygomycetes,expecting for providing direction and reference for the researchers in this field.

Key words: zygomyceta, blue-light photoreceptor, phototropism, light-induced carotenoid synthesis

葛欣, 崔天琦, 李兴旺, 谢录翰, 辛琪. 接合菌蓝光受体蛋白研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(4): 43-50.

GE Xin, CUI Tian-qi, LI Xing-wang, XIE Lu-han, XIN Qi. Research Progress on Blue-light Photoreceptors in Zygomyceta[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(4): 43-50.

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