分子倒置探针技术的研究进展及应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0367

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分子倒置探针技术是一项新发展起来的用于目标序列捕获的分子生物学技术,该技术通过设计特异的探针对已知的特定目的基因组序列进行捕获,将目标序列DNA富集后再利用芯片杂交或测序进行检测。此技术有助于研究人员对大样本中的基因组重要区域进行研究,避免了全基因组研究费用高、分析困难等问题。并且,分子倒置探针技术弥补了杂交捕获技术、PCR捕获技术等分子捕获手段的不足,为动植物及病原菌重要DNA片段的研究提供强有力的技术支持。目前,分子倒置探针技术广泛应用于单核苷酸多态性（SNP）分型、外显子测序、拷贝数变异、杂合性丢失、体细胞突变、DNA甲基化和可变剪接等方面的研究。由于其特异性强、重复性好、操作简单、费用低廉,并对DNA完整度要求不高,适用于福尔马林石蜡包埋样本分析等特点,分子倒置探针技术的应用越来越广泛。然而,分子倒置探针技术在探针设计及数据分析软件研发等方面仍存在一些不足,还需要进一步的优化完善。为促进相关领域学者全面了解该技术,综述了分子倒置探针技术的基本原理、发展历程、技术特点及在疾病研究领域的应用,讨论了分子倒置探针技术的价值及存在的问题。

关键词: 分子倒置探针技术, 目标序列捕获, 疾病研究

Abstract:

Molecular inversion probe technology is a newly developed technique for capturing targeted sequences by designed specific probes,and the captured sequences is enriched for subsequent chip hybridization or sequencing detection. By this technology,researchers can study important genome regions in a large of samples and avoid the high cost and difficulties from genome-wide analysis. In addition,molecular inversion probe technology makes up for the shortages of molecular capture methods such as hybrid capture and PCR capture techniques,and will provide forceful technical support for the research of important DNA fragments of plants,animals and pathogens. Molecular inversion probe technology is currently being used in SNP genotyping,exon sequencing,copy number variation,loss of heterozygosity,somatic mutation,DNA methylation and alternative splicing,etc. Molecular inversion probe technology has been applied more and more broadly owing to its characteristics,such as strong specificity,fine repeatability,simple operation,low cost,low requirement for DNA integrity,and being adaptable to the analysis of formalin-paraffin-embedded samples. However,molecular inversion probe technology still needs to be improved in terms of probe design and data analysis software development. To promote a comprehensive understanding of this technology,here we review the principle,development process,technical characteristics,and the applications in disease research,as well as discuss its values and existing issues while applying molecular inversion probe technology.

Key words: molecular inversion probe technology, target sequence capture, disease research

罗志梅, 张永彪, 鄢纯, 韩圆圆, 呼锐, 刘继强. 分子倒置探针技术的研究进展及应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(10): 49-57.

LUO Zhi-mei, ZHANG Yong-biao, YAN Chun, HAN Yuan-yuan, HU Rui, LIU Ji-qiang. Research Advance and Application of Molecular Inversion Probe Technology[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(10): 49-57.

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