青岛海水浴场多重耐药菌的分布特征研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0863

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究海水浴场中的多重耐药菌（multidrug-resistant organism,MDRO）的分布情况、耐药特征及种属,通过抗性筛选平板筛选MDRO,利用K-B纸片法测定其对15种常见抗生素的敏感度,再根据16s rDNA序列同源性比对鉴定MDRO的种属。结果从271株可培养的海水细菌中筛选到60（22.1%）株MDRO,60株MDRO对15种药敏纸片的耐药率在31.6%-81.7%之间,其中对磺胺类、氨基糖苷类和磷霉素类抗生素的耐药率较高,对链霉素耐药率最高（81.7%）;对链霉素、四环素耐药基因与耐药表型的相关性分析表明,MDRO的耐药性与耐药基因的检出率显著相关;60株MDRO分属于24个菌属,其中寡养单胞菌属占比最大（16%）,其次分别为微杆菌属（13%）、短波单胞菌属（8%）、葡萄球菌属（8%）。实验结果揭示了青岛海水浴场的MDRO污染较严重,且多样性丰富,对常见抗生素表现出较强的耐药性。

关键词: 海水浴场, 细菌, 耐药率, MDRO

Abstract: In order to study the distribution,drug resistance and species of multidrug-resistant bacteria（MDRB）in the bathing beach,MDRB were screened by resistance screening plates,and their sensitivities to 15 common antibiotics were determined by K-B paper method,and the species of MDRB were identified by 16s rDNA sequence homology alignment. The results showed that 60（22.1%）MDRB were screened from 271 cultivable seawater bacteria,and their resistance rates to 15 drug-sensitive papers ranged from 31.6% to 81.7%;their resistance rates to sulfonamides,aminoglycosides and fosfomycin were high,and the highest（81.7%）to streptomycin. Correlation analysis between streptomycin,tetracycline-resistant genes and drug-resistant phenotypes demonstrated that the drug resistance of MDRB was significantly correlated with the detection rate of drug-resistant genes. The 60 strains of MDRB belonged to 24 genera,of which the genusStenotrophil accounted for the largest proportion（16%）,followed by Microbacterium（13%）,Pseudomonas（8%）,Staphylococcus（8%）. The experimental results reveal that the MDRB pollution in Qingdao bathing beach is serious and rich in diversity,and the MDRB present strong resistances to common antibiotics.

Key words: bathing beach, bacteria, resistance rate, MDRO

张舒婷, 陈赛赛. 青岛海水浴场多重耐药菌的分布特征研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2019, 35(4): 57-63.

ZHANG Shu-ting, CHEN Sai-sai. Distribution of Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Qingdao Bathing Beach[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(4): 57-63.

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