环境中自由及结合态雌激素的酶降解转化研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0944

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 天然类固醇雌激素（SEs）可分为自由态（FEs）和结合态（CEs）两大类,环境中SEs的广泛存在对人类和动物的内分泌系统产生不同程度的干扰,危害生态系统的多样性及稳定性。目前,多种酶对环境中不同形态SEs的催化去除起到重要作用,总结了环境中氧化还原酶对FEs以及水解酶对CEs的去除作用,并阐述不同形态SEs的主要酶降解转化机理与路径。氧化还原酶催化FEs形成自由基,通过C-O-C、C-C共价键自耦合、相互耦合形成聚合产物,该过程易受到环境中有机质的影响;水解酶则通过解离硫酸盐或葡糖苷酸盐结合基团将CEs水解为相对应的FEs,硫酸盐结合态雌激素不易被解离,在环境中稳定性更强。讨论了酶在实际应用中存在的问题,对酶在污水及土壤环境中SEs的去除、酶的联用、固定化酶、酶工程等方面进行了展望,旨为环境中两种形态雌激素的酶降解转化研究提供理论借鉴。

关键词: 自由态雌激素, 结合态雌激素, 酶催化, 耦合反应, 解离

Abstract: Natural steroid estrogens（SEs）can be classified into free（FEs）and conjugated（CEs）ones in the environment. These ubiquitous SEs in the environment have caused damages to the diversity and stability of ecosystem due to the recognized varied interfering effects on human and wildlife endocrine systems. At present,multiple enzymes play an important role in the catalytic removal of both FEs and CEs in the environment. This review summarizes the removal mechanisms of FEs and CEs by oxidoreductases and hydrolases,respectively,and elucidates the main proposed enzymatic degradation and transformation pathways of both FEs and CEs. Oxidoreductases catalyze FEs to generate radicals and subsequently form poly-products by covalent bond（C-O-C and C-C）self- and cross-coupling;meanwhile,the catalytic process is easily affected by organic compounds in the environment. As for CEs,these compounds can be deconjugated into their corresponding FEs by deconjugating sulfate or glucuronide groups via hydrolases;additionally,CSEs are recalcitrant to be deconjugated and more stable in the environment compared to CGEs. This review also discusses and highlights the further application of enzymes for removing SEs in wastewater and soil,combined use of enzymes,immobilization of enzymes,enzyme engineering,and so on,aiming at providing a theoretical reference for the degradation and transformation of FEs and CEs by enzymatic catalysis in the environment.

Key words: free estrogens, conjugated estrogens, enzymatic catalysis, coupling reaction, deconjugation

余薇薇, 杜邦昊, 张敏讷, 万巧玲, 杨硕, 赵晨菊. 环境中自由及结合态雌激素的酶降解转化研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2019, 35(4): 151-162.

YU Wei-wei, DU Bang-hao, ZHANG Min-ne, WAN Qiao-ling, YANG Shuo, ZHAO Chen-ju. A Review on Enzymatic Degradation and Transformation Mechanisms of Free and Conjugated Estrogens in the Environment[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(4): 151-162.

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