磷水平与丛枝菌根真菌对桔梗生长及品质的影响

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0351

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

明确不同磷水平条件下接种丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）对桔梗质量与产量的影响。采用盆栽法,设计P₀（20 mg/kg）、P₁（50 mg/kg）、P₂（80 mg/kg）、P₃（140 mg/kg）共4个磷水平,同一磷水平分别接种摩西斗管囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae,FM）、根内根孢囊霉（Rhizophagus intraradices,RI）、象牙白多样孢囊霉（Diversispora eburnea,DE）和不接种处理。测定不同处理丛枝菌根真菌侵染率、桔梗的生物量、桔梗抗逆性指标、桔梗皂苷含量等指标。在80 mg/kg水平时,丛枝菌根真菌FM、RI及DE对桔梗的侵染率最高,分别为57.7%、38.3%、41.7%;3种AMF对桔梗产量及皂苷含量均具有显著影响,与未接种对照相比,桔梗根鲜重分别增加114%、62%、90%（P<0.05）,桔梗皂苷D 含量分别提高20%、18%、16%;3种AMF可显著提高桔梗SOD、POD等保护酶活性,降低脯氨酸、丙二醛含量,提升了植物抗逆性。在80 mg/kg磷水平,接种丛枝菌根真菌FM、RI及DE的效果最佳,且接种FM的桔梗在产量和质量方面优于RI和DE。

关键词: AM真菌, 磷水平, 桔梗, 桔梗皂苷

Abstract:

The aim of this work is to clarify the effects of different phosphorus levels and inoculations of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi（AMF）on the quality and yield of Platycodon grandiflorum. We used pot method to conduct experiment. There were 4 soil phosphorus levels,P₀（20 mg/kg）,P₁（50 mg/kg）,P₂（80 mg/kg）,and P₃（140 mg/kg）. Funneliformis mosseae,Rhizophagus intraradices,Diversispora eburnea were inoculated into each soil phosphorus level and no inoculation were set as control group（CK）. The infection rate of AMF,the biomass of P. grandiflorum,the resistance index of P. grandiflorum,and the content of P. grandiflorum platycodin in different treatments were determined. At the level of 80 mg/kg,AMF F. mosseae,R. intraradices and D. eburnea had the highest infection rates on P.grandiflorum,which were 57.7%,38.3%,41.7%. The three types of AMF had significant effects on the yield and platycodin content of P. grandiflorum. Compared with the uninoculated control,the fresh weight of P. grandiflorum root increased by 114%,62%,and 90%（P<0.05）respectively. Platycodin D content increased by 20%,18%,and 16%,respectively. Three types of AMF significantly increased the activities of protective enzymes such as SOD and POD,decreased the content of proline and malondialdehyde,thus enhanced the plant stress resistance. Soil phosphorus level 80 mg/kg was the best for the inoculation effect of F. mosseae,R. intraradices and D. eburnea. In addition,inoculating F. mosseae was superior to inoculating R. intraradices and D. eburnea on yield and quality of P. grandiflorum.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, phosphorus level, Platycodon grandiflorum, platycodin

李楠海, 孙卓, 杨利民. 磷水平与丛枝菌根真菌对桔梗生长及品质的影响[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(1): 132-140.

LI Nan-hai, SUN Zhuo, YANG Li-min. Effects of Phosphorus Level and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth and Quality of Platycodon grandiflorum[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(1): 132-140.

图/表 9

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磷水平 Phosphorus level	菌种处理 Inoculation treatment	株高 Plant height/cm	根长 Root length/cm	根粗 Root diameter/cm	根鲜重 Roots fresh weight/g	根干重 Roots dry weight/g
P₀	CK	32.500±3.010b	20.240±1.498a	1.377±0.112b	6.899±0.671c	1.349±0.074c
	DE	33.900±3.247b	21.250±1.799a	1.550±0.105a	10.867±0.799b	1.915±0.174b
	FM	41.957±3.437a	21.130±1.661a	1.610±0.110a	16.016±1.117a	2.785±0.123a
	RI	36.813±3.644b	20.850±1.334a	1.540±0.107a	15.165±1.320a	2.809±0.241a
P₁	CK	40.700±3.302a	20.750±1.318a	1.320±0.106b	15.831±0.979b	2.647±0.252c
	DE	41.400±3.627a	21.050±1.657a	1.711±0.117a	19.789±1.238a	3.138±0.279b
	FM	42.375±3.021a	21.722±2.152a	1.670±0.134a	21.356±1.876a	3.648±0.345a
	RI	41.900±3.392a	21.220±1.645a	1.720±0.140a	20.247±1.476a	3.444±0.258ab
P₂	CK	42.300±3.889a	21.350±1.901a	1.510±0.124b	12.486±1.098c	3.587±0.294b
	DE	42.556±3.812a	22.100±2.183a	1.870±0.183a	20.244±1.107b	3.838±0.447b
	FM	43.900±3.518a	23.450±1.863a	1.910±0.151a	26.722±1.953a	5.147±0.389a
	RI	43.000±3.712a	23.111±1.781a	1.890±0.171a	23.684±1.815ab	4.688±0.372ab
P₃	CK	35.200±2.781b	22.100±1.983a	1.455±0.123b	10.975±0.820c	2.119±0.197c
	DE	38.722±2.360ab	22.278±2.108a	1.678±0.148a	19.448±1.836a	2.882±0.186b
	FM	42.400±4.169a	22.500±1.958a	1.750±0.100a	15.506±1.530b	4.491±0.407a
	RI	40.410±3.517a	22.444±2.022a	1.705±0.104a	19.975±1.557a	4.050±0.274a

磷水平 Phosphorus level	菌种处理 Inoculation treatment	株高 Plant height/cm	根长 Root length/cm	根粗 Root diameter/cm	根鲜重 Roots fresh weight/g	根干重 Roots dry weight/g
P₀	CK	32.500±3.010b	20.240±1.498a	1.377±0.112b	6.899±0.671c	1.349±0.074c
	DE	33.900±3.247b	21.250±1.799a	1.550±0.105a	10.867±0.799b	1.915±0.174b
	FM	41.957±3.437a	21.130±1.661a	1.610±0.110a	16.016±1.117a	2.785±0.123a
	RI	36.813±3.644b	20.850±1.334a	1.540±0.107a	15.165±1.320a	2.809±0.241a
P₁	CK	40.700±3.302a	20.750±1.318a	1.320±0.106b	15.831±0.979b	2.647±0.252c
	DE	41.400±3.627a	21.050±1.657a	1.711±0.117a	19.789±1.238a	3.138±0.279b
	FM	42.375±3.021a	21.722±2.152a	1.670±0.134a	21.356±1.876a	3.648±0.345a
	RI	41.900±3.392a	21.220±1.645a	1.720±0.140a	20.247±1.476a	3.444±0.258ab
P₂	CK	42.300±3.889a	21.350±1.901a	1.510±0.124b	12.486±1.098c	3.587±0.294b
	DE	42.556±3.812a	22.100±2.183a	1.870±0.183a	20.244±1.107b	3.838±0.447b
	FM	43.900±3.518a	23.450±1.863a	1.910±0.151a	26.722±1.953a	5.147±0.389a
	RI	43.000±3.712a	23.111±1.781a	1.890±0.171a	23.684±1.815ab	4.688±0.372ab
P₃	CK	35.200±2.781b	22.100±1.983a	1.455±0.123b	10.975±0.820c	2.119±0.197c
	DE	38.722±2.360ab	22.278±2.108a	1.678±0.148a	19.448±1.836a	2.882±0.186b
	FM	42.400±4.169a	22.500±1.958a	1.750±0.100a	15.506±1.530b	4.491±0.407a
	RI	40.410±3.517a	22.444±2.022a	1.705±0.104a	19.975±1.557a	4.050±0.274a

指标 Index	磷水平 Phosphorus level		接种菌种 Inoculation		磷水平×接种菌种 Phosphorus level× Inoculation
指标 Index	F	P	F	P	F	P
根鲜重Roots fresh weight	74.582	**	85.139	**	9.164	**
根干重Roots dry weight	270.243	**	198.309	**	8.153	**
根长 Root length	5.936	**	2.387	NS	1.161	NS
根粗 Root diameter	22.927	**	41.130	**	1.681	NS
株高 Plant height	23.355	**	11.222	**	2.718	**

指标 Index	磷水平 Phosphorus level		接种菌种 Inoculation		磷水平×接种菌种 Phosphorus level× Inoculation
指标 Index	F	P	F	P	F	P
根鲜重Roots fresh weight	74.582	**	85.139	**	9.164	**
根干重Roots dry weight	270.243	**	198.309	**	8.153	**
根长 Root length	5.936	**	2.387	NS	1.161	NS
根粗 Root diameter	22.927	**	41.130	**	1.681	NS
株高 Plant height	23.355	**	11.222	**	2.718	**

指标 Index	磷水平 Phosphorus level		接种菌种 Inoculation		磷水平×接种菌种 Phosphorus level× Inoculation
指标 Index	F	P	F	P	F	P
SOD活性	35.847	**	39.798	**	4.307	**
POD活性	401.728	**	263.775	**	6.909	**
可溶性糖含量	80.899	**	245.099	**	3.316	**
可溶性蛋白含量	31.054	**	137.801	**	10.538	**
丙二醛含量	127.606	**	284.432	**	19.269	**
脯氨酸含量	287.957	**	434.905	**	26.874	**