Comparative Study of Chitosan Degradation Enzymes from Aspergillus sp. in Solid-State and Liquid-State Fermentation

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2015.11.027

Abstract

Abstract: Aspergillus sp. was cultured in solid and liquid fermentation condition respectively, enzyme production from which was studied. The results showed that solid-state fermentation produced more enzyme components than liquid state fermentation did. Enzyme preparation from solid state fermentation showed many kinds of hydrolytic enzyme activity like that of protease, cellulase, pectinase, amylase, lipase and hemcellulase beside to chitosan degradation activity, and enzyme preparation from liquid fermentation showed weak protease and cellulase activity beside to chitosan degradation activity. The optimal temperature for chitosan degradation of these two enzyme preparation was 45℃ and 40℃, and they showed high chitosan degradation activity at 40-55℃ and 35-40℃, respectively. Furthermore, the optimal pH of them was pH5.8 and pH5.2, and they showed high chitosan degradation activity at pH4.6-6.4 and pH4.6-5.8, respectively. These results indicated that Aspergillus sp. could produce different enzymes with different characteristics in solid and liquid state fermentation conditions. Thus solid state fermentation can be used to produce enzymes with chitosan degradation activities.

Key words: Aspergillus sp., solid-state fermentation, liquid-state fermentation, chitosan degradation enzymes

Yan Hejing, Shi Yue, Liu Chang. Comparative Study of Chitosan Degradation Enzymes from Aspergillus sp. in Solid-State and Liquid-State Fermentation[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2015, 31(11): 207-213.

References

[1]Aam BB, Heggset EB, Norberg AL, et al. Production of chitooligosa-ccharides and their potential applications in medicine[J]. Marine Drugs, 2010, 8(5): 1482-1517.
[2]张长梅, 于抒含, 张良栓, 等. 不同分子量壳寡糖的制备及其生物活性研究[J]. 哈尔滨医科大学学报, 2013, 47(6): 486-489.
[3]朱玉霞. 壳寡糖的制备、分离分析及抑菌活性研究[D]. 无锡: 江南大学, 2013.
[4]Ilina AV, Varlamov VP. Hydrolysis of chitosan in lactic acid[J]. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2004, 40(3): 300-303.
[5]陈小娥. 曲霉产壳聚糖酶酶学性质及作用机理研究[D]. 无锡: 江南大学, 2004.
[6]Yu WL, Hsiao YC, Chiang BH. Production of high degree polymerized chitooligosaccharides in a membrane reactor using purified chitosanase from Bacillus cereus[J]. Food Research International, 2009, 42(9): 1355-1361.
[7]Takashi K, Yohei N, Mitsutoshi N, et al. Production of chitosan oligosaccharides using chitosanase immobilized on amylose-coated magnetic nanoparticles[J]. Process Biochemistry, 2008, 43(1): 62-69.
[8]Xia WS, Liu P, Liu J. Advance in chitosan hydrolysis by non-specific cellulases[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(15): 6751-6762.
[9]Lin H, Wang HY, Xue CH, et al. Preparation of chitosan oligomers by immobilized papain[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2002, 31(5): 588-592.
[10]Cabrera JC, Cutsem VP. Preparation of chitooligosaccharides with degree of polymerization higher than 6 by acid or enzymatic degradation of chitosan[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2005, 25(2): 165-172.
[11]Kim SK, Rajapakse N. Enzymatic production and biological activities of chitosan oligosaccharides(COS): A review[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2005, 62(4): 357-368.
[12]Fu JY, Wu SM, Chang CT, et al. Characterization of three chitosanase isozymes isolated from a commercial crude porcine pepsin preparation[J]. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 2003, 51(4): 1042-1048.
[13]Hong SP, Kim DS. Chitosanolytic characteristics of cellulases from Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma reesei[J]. Korean Journal of Food Science Technology, 1998, 30(2): 245-252.
[14]Zhang H, Du YG, Yu XJ, et al. Preparation of chitooligosaccharides from chitosan by a complex enzyme[J]. Carbohydrate Research, 1999, 320(3-4): 257-260.
[15]Pan SK, Wu SJ, Kim JM. Preparation of glucosamine by hydrolysis of chitosan with commercial α-amylase and glucoamylase[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B, 2011, 12(11): 931-934.
[16]何新益, 夏文水. 复合酶对壳聚糖的降解作用研究[J]. 食品与机械, 2007, 23(3): 32-35.
[17]Gustavo VG, Emesto FT, Cristobal NA, et al. Christopher Augur. Advantages of fungal enzyme production in solid over liquid fermentation systems[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2003, 13(2-3): 157-167.
[18]Gramihha EBN, Goncalves AZL, Pirota RDPB, et al. Enzyme production by solid-state fermentation: Application to animal nutrition[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008, 144(1-2): 1-22.
[19]Couto SR, Sanromán MA. Application of solid-state fermentation to food industry—A review[J]. Journal of Food Engineering, 2008, 76(3): 291-302.
[20]Couri S, da Costa Terzi S, Saavedra Pinto GA, et al. Hydrolytic enzyme production in solid-state fermentation by Aspergillus niger 3T5B8[J]. Process Biochemistry, 2000, 36(3): 255-261.
[21]张飞, 岳田利, 费坚, 等. 果胶酶活力的测定方法研究[J]. 西北农业学报, 2004, 13(4): 134-137.
[22]Bailey MJ, Nevalainen KMH. Induction, isolation and testing of stable Trichoderma reesei mutants with improved production of solubilizing cellulose[J]. Enzyme Microbial Technology, 1981, 3(2): 153-157.
[23]Ngo KX, Umakoshi H, Shimanouchi T, et al. Heat-Enhanced production of chitosanase from Streptomyces griseus in the presence of liposome[J]. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2005, 100(5): 495-501.
[24]Ngo KX, Umakoshi H, Shimanouchi T, et al. Enhanced release of chitosanase from Streptomyces griseus through direct interaction of liposome with cell membrane under heat stress[J]. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2008, 106(6): 602-605.
[25]Thadathil N, Velappan SP. Recent developments in chitosanase research and its biotechnological applications: A review[J]. Food Chemistry, 2014, 150(1): 392-399.