Biotechnology Bulletin ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 261-272.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-0895
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HAO Da-cheng1(), ZHENG Yu-wei1, WANG Fan1, HAN Lei1, ZHANG Ze2
Received:
2023-09-18
Online:
2024-03-26
Published:
2024-04-08
Contact:
HAO Da-cheng
E-mail:hao@djtu.edu.cn
HAO Da-cheng, ZHENG Yu-wei, WANG Fan, HAN Lei, ZHANG Ze. Fungal Electrochemical Remediation of Herbicide-contaminated Soil: Preliminary Study on Degradation Kinetics[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(3): 261-272.
分组Group | 土壤中污染物含量 Pollutant content in soil | 菌液Composition |
---|---|---|
(1)F | 97.14 mg/kg F | 不添加菌液No fungal addition |
(2)F+T | 97.14 mg/kg F | 20 mL F+ 20 mL T |
(3)F+M | 97.14 mg/kg F | 20 mL F+20 mL M |
(4)F+T+M | 97.14 mg/kg F | 20 mL F+ 10 mL T + 10 mL M |
(5)H | 245.71 mg/kg H | 不添加菌液No fungal addition |
(6)H+T | 245.71 mg/kg H | 20 mL H+ 20 mL T |
(7)H+M | 245.71 mg/kg H | 20 mL H+ 20 mL M |
(8)H+T+M | 245.71 mg/kg H | 20 mL H+ 10 mL T + 10 mL M |
Table 1 Degradation scheme of fungi and MFC
分组Group | 土壤中污染物含量 Pollutant content in soil | 菌液Composition |
---|---|---|
(1)F | 97.14 mg/kg F | 不添加菌液No fungal addition |
(2)F+T | 97.14 mg/kg F | 20 mL F+ 20 mL T |
(3)F+M | 97.14 mg/kg F | 20 mL F+20 mL M |
(4)F+T+M | 97.14 mg/kg F | 20 mL F+ 10 mL T + 10 mL M |
(5)H | 245.71 mg/kg H | 不添加菌液No fungal addition |
(6)H+T | 245.71 mg/kg H | 20 mL H+ 20 mL T |
(7)H+M | 245.71 mg/kg H | 20 mL H+ 20 mL M |
(8)H+T+M | 245.71 mg/kg H | 20 mL H+ 10 mL T + 10 mL M |
Fig. 2 Methods of EK degradation A: EK remediation device. B: After the counter electrode is connected with the reference electrode, 1 is connected with the steel mesh cathode 3, and the working electrode 2 is connected with the carbon felt anode 4. C: Profile of the sampling sites; 1 is 2 cm from the anode, 2 is 4 cm from the anode, and 3 is 6 cm from the anode(near the cathode)
Fig. 3 Methods of MFC degradation A: MFC device. B: The anode and the cathode are placed horizontally. The anode is located directly above the cathode, with an interval of 3.5 cm, and the top of the soil is 2 cm from the upper edge of the container. C: At the bottom of the MFC device, a small hole is provided to facilitate the contact between the cathode and the air. D: Profile of MFC device(1: anode; 2: cathode; A: the anode sampling point; C: the cathode sampling point)
Fig. 4 Results of EK remediation F groups: F1 and F2(+ carbon fiber 2 g)are control groups without electricity; F3, F4, F5, F6(+ carbon fiber 2 g)are subject to voltage 5 V, 10 V, 10 V, 10 V, respectively; deionized water rather than electrolyte is applied in F5 group. The grouping of H is similar to that of F. A: Soil pH changes of F groups. 0, no electrode. B: Soil pH changes of H groups. C: Changes of soil electrical conductivity in F groups. 0, no electrode. D: Changes of soil electrical conductivity in H groups. E: The change of current density in F groups, and the upper right inset shows the changes of charge. F: The change of current density in H groups. G: Removal rate of F. H: Removal rate of H. Different lowercase letters represent the significant differences(P < 0.05)between different treatment groups of the same layer, the same below
Fig. 5 Fungal remediation A: Soil pH changes of F groups. B: Soil pH changes of H groups. C: Changes of soil electrical conductivity in F groups. D: Changes of soil electrical conductivity in H groups. E: Removal rate of F. F: Removal rate of H. Different lowercase letters indicate the significant differences(P < 0.05)between different treatment groups of the same duration
Fig. 6 Results of MFC remediation A: Anode; C: cathode. MFC performance of F groups: A: Day 2. B: Day 15. C: Day 30. MFC performance of H groups: D: Day 2. E: Day 15. F: Day 30. G: Changes of soil pH in F groups. H: Changes of soil pH in H groups. I: Changes of soil electrical conductivity in F groups. J: Changes of soil electrical conductivity in H groups. K: Removal rate of F. L: Removal rate of H
Fig. 7 Degradation products of herbicides A: Mass spectrum of F degradation products. B: Mass spectrum of H degradation products. C: Full scan ion fragment diagram of halauxifen. D: Full scan ion fragment diagram of 4-methoxybenzyl acetate. E: Full scan ion fragment diagram of haloxyfop-methyl. F: Degradation pathway of F. G: Degradation pathway of H
处理 Treatment | 氯氟吡啶酯 Florpyrauxifen-benzyl(F) | 高效氟吡甲禾灵Haloxyfop-P(H) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
反应 Reaction | 降解速率常数 Degradation rate constant | R2 | 半衰期Half-life/d | 反应 Reaction | 降解速率常数 Degradation rate constant | R2 | 半衰期 Half-life/d | |
EK处理 EK treatment | 一级反应First order reaction | 0.248 ± 0.009 | 0.993 01 | 2.8 | 一级反应First order reaction | 0.053 ± 0.002 | 0.991 44 | 13.0 |
微生物处理 Microbial treatment | 一级反应First order reaction | 0.054 ± 0.001 | 0.946 30 | 12.7 | 二级反应Second order reaction | 1.968×10-4 ± 4.979×10-7 | 0.999 99 | 50.6 |
MFC处理 MFC treatment | 一级反应First order reaction | 0.136 ± 0.001 | 0.998 16 | 5.1 | 二级反应Second order reaction | 5.921×10-4 ± 9.888×10-7 | 0.999 99 | 16.8 |
Table 2 Degradation kinetics of herbicides
处理 Treatment | 氯氟吡啶酯 Florpyrauxifen-benzyl(F) | 高效氟吡甲禾灵Haloxyfop-P(H) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
反应 Reaction | 降解速率常数 Degradation rate constant | R2 | 半衰期Half-life/d | 反应 Reaction | 降解速率常数 Degradation rate constant | R2 | 半衰期 Half-life/d | |
EK处理 EK treatment | 一级反应First order reaction | 0.248 ± 0.009 | 0.993 01 | 2.8 | 一级反应First order reaction | 0.053 ± 0.002 | 0.991 44 | 13.0 |
微生物处理 Microbial treatment | 一级反应First order reaction | 0.054 ± 0.001 | 0.946 30 | 12.7 | 二级反应Second order reaction | 1.968×10-4 ± 4.979×10-7 | 0.999 99 | 50.6 |
MFC处理 MFC treatment | 一级反应First order reaction | 0.136 ± 0.001 | 0.998 16 | 5.1 | 二级反应Second order reaction | 5.921×10-4 ± 9.888×10-7 | 0.999 99 | 16.8 |
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