Abstract: Sugarcane production has been severely affected by diseases, which not only cause losses of yield and sugar content but also affect perennial root and even cause variety degeneration. Cultivating disease-resistant variety is the economic and effective way to ensure sugarcane production. The progress on disease-resistant breeding including pathogen detection, germplasm screening and genetic engineering of sugarcane mosaic disease, sugarcane smut, ratoon stunting disease and pokkah boeng disease were discussed.