羧肽酶A的脱毒功能及其应用前景

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0163

生物技术通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 20-25.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0163

羧肽酶A的脱毒功能及其应用前景

熊露¹, 王晓云¹, 梁志宏^1，2

1. 中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 农业部农业转基因生物安全评价（食用）重点实验室，北京 100083

收稿日期:2017-03-05 出版日期:2017-08-01 发布日期:2017-08-01
作者简介:熊露，女，硕士研究生，研究方向：食品微生物与安全；E-mail：1183812933@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（31671947）

Functions of Detoxification and Application Prospect of Carboxypeptidase A

XIONG Lu¹, WANG Xiao-yun¹, LIANG Zhi-hong^1，2

1. College of Food Science &Nutritional Engineering，China Agricultural University，Beijing 100083；
2. Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organisms（Food Safety），Ministry of Agriculture，Beijing 100083

Received:2017-03-05 Published:2017-08-01 Online:2017-08-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 赭曲霉毒素A（Ochratoxin A，OTA）是由曲霉菌和青霉菌产生的一种真菌毒素，谷物、豆类、葡萄酒和咖啡等制品常常受到其污染，对食品安全构成了极大的威胁。随着全球气候的变化，OTA的污染情况日益严重，为保障人类及畜禽动物的安全，不少研究人员正致力于脱除或降解食品及其原料中的OTA。目前很多真菌和细菌被报道能降解OTA，然而它们产生的降解酶很少被定性和纯化，降解产物也不明确，无法应用于工业中。羧肽酶A（Carboxypeptidase A，CPA）对OTA的脱毒能力已被广泛证明，同时它的性质、结构及作用机理都极为清晰，降解产物也对人体无害，是脱除OTA的理想产品。因此通过基因工程和蛋白质工程大量表达获得稳定并效率高的羧肽酶A是降解OTA的新途径。将从OTA的污染状况及其生物脱毒机制、CPA的脱毒能力、CPA作为脱毒剂的发展前景等方面进行综述，旨在为真菌毒素降解酶制剂的开发和应用奠定理论基础。

关键词: 赭曲霉毒素A, 生物脱毒, 羧肽酶A

Abstract: Ochratoxin A（OTA）is one of mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium，by which many products，such as cereals，beans，wines and coffees，are contaminated，and these contaminated foods possesses serious threats to food safety. In recent years，with the change of global climate，the food contaminated by OTA has become increasingly serious. In order to guarantee safety of humans and animals，many researchers are committing to detoxifying and degrading OTA in food and food raw materials. Currently，it is reported that OTA can be degraded by many fungi and bacteria，but few enzymes produced by them are characterized and purified，and degraded substances of OTA are unknown，thus they can’t be used in industry. Carboxypeptidase A（CPA）is an ideal product to degrade OTA because the detoxification ability of CPA to OTA is widely proved，its feature，structure and mechanism are very clear，and degraded product has no toxicity to human body；therefore，it is a novel approach to degrade OTA through genetic engineering and protein engineering to obtain a lot of stably and efficiently expressed CPA. This paper summarizes the contamination status of OTA in food，and mechanisms of bio-detoxification，the detoxification ability of CPA，and the application prospect of CPA as detoxifying agent，aiming at providing theoretical base for the development and application of mycotoxin agents degrading enzymes.

Key words: ochratoxin A, bio-detoxification, carboxypeptidase A

熊露, 王晓云, 梁志宏. 羧肽酶A的脱毒功能及其应用前景[J]. 生物技术通报, 2017, 33(8): 20-25.

XIONG Lu, WANG Xiao-yun, LIANG Zhi-hong. Functions of Detoxification and Application Prospect of Carboxypeptidase A[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2017, 33(8): 20-25.

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羧肽酶A的脱毒功能及其应用前景

Functions of Detoxification and Application Prospect of Carboxypeptidase A

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