核酸适配体的体外筛选方法的最新研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017.04.010

生物技术通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 78-82.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017.04.010

核酸适配体的体外筛选方法的最新研究进展

李亚楠¹, 赵洁¹, 张傲哲¹, 谭琰¹, 华茜¹, 张子剑²

1. 北京中医药大学基础医学院,北京 100029；
2. 北京中医药大学中医药研究院,北京 100029

收稿日期:2016-09-09 出版日期:2017-04-25 发布日期:2017-04-25
作者简介:李亚楠,女,硕士研究生,研究方向：生物化学与分子生物学;E-mail：18101297818@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（81403180）

The Latest Progress on the Methods for in Vitro Screening Aptamers

LI Ya-nan¹, ZHAO Jie¹, ZHANG Ao-zhe¹, TAN Yan¹, HUA Qian¹, ZHANG Zi-jian²

1. Basic Medical College,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029;
2. Research Laboratory Center of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029

Received:2016-09-09 Published:2017-04-25 Online:2017-04-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 核酸适配体是用配体指数富集系统进化技术（SELEX）在体外筛选得到的一小段寡核苷酸序列,能够选择性的与不同的靶标特异性的结合,包括蛋白质、小分子、有机物、金属离子、药物等,具有高亲和力和高特异性。这项技术的诸多优势,使其迅速得到重视,核酸适配体在生物传感器、基因芯片、新药开发、纳米技术等诸多方面应用广泛。但是传统的SELEX方法操作繁琐,筛选周期长,需要几个月的时间才能筛选出与靶标具有高特异性的核酸适配体。随着SELEX的快速发展,近年来出现了很多新型的筛选方法,这些新的方法大大提高了筛选周期,极大的提高了筛选效率,拓展了核酸适配体的应用。总结介绍了近三年来出现的几种新型的核酸适配体的筛选方法,包括氧化石墨烯SELEX（Multiple GO-SELEX）、单壁碳纳米管辅助细胞SELEX（SWCNTs-assisted cell-SELEX）、基于芯片的细胞SELEX（on-chip Cell-SELEX）、序列构造SELEX（Sequence-constructive SELEX）、高保真SELEX（High-Fidelity SELEX）,有助于人们进一步了解、认识核酸适配体筛选技术的发展现状,更好促进核酸适体在各个领域中的应用前景。

关键词: 核酸适配体, SELEX, 筛选方法

Abstract: Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that are screened by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment（SELEX）in vitro,which can selectively bind to different target with high affinity and high specificity,including protein,small molecules,organic compound,metal ions,drugs,etc. This technology has attracted more attentions for its advantages and thus it has been applied widely in many aspects such as biological sensor,gene chip,new drug development,nano technology,etc. However,the traditional SELEX method is cumbersome,which usually takes several months to screen out the target of nucleic acid in high specificity. With the rapid development of SELEX,many novel screening methods have emerged in recent years. The screening cycle and the screening efficiency are improved with these new methods,and the application of aptamers is expanded. This review introduces several new screening methods in recent three years,including multiple GO-SELEX,SWCNTs-assisted cell-SELEX,on-chip Cell-SELEX,Sequence-constructive SELEX and High-Fidelity（HI FI）SELEX,It is helpful for us to know more about the latest progress on the methods for in vitro screening aptamers and to promote the application of aptamers in various fields..

Key words: aptamer, SELEX, screening method

李亚楠, 赵洁, 张傲哲, 谭琰, 华茜, 张子剑. 核酸适配体的体外筛选方法的最新研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2017, 33(4): 78-82.

LI Ya-nan, ZHAO Jie, ZHANG Ao-zhe, TAN Yan, HUA Qian, ZHANG Zi-jian. The Latest Progress on the Methods for in Vitro Screening Aptamers[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2017, 33(4): 78-82.

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核酸适配体的体外筛选方法的最新研究进展

The Latest Progress on the Methods for in Vitro Screening Aptamers

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