宏基因组技术在氮循环功能微生物分子检测研究中的应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氮循环是最重要的生物地球化学循环之一,而微生物是驱动自然环境中氮循环最重要的动力。应用宏基因组技术来研究自然环境中直接参与氮循环的功能微生物类群的总量和多样性是近年来环境微生物的研究热点之一。本文总结最新氮循环功能微生物类群的研究发现,聚焦各转化过程中（包括固氮、硝化、反硝化、厌氧氨氧化、氮同化/异化还原、氨化和同化作用等）分子标记基因的选择,重点介绍通过这些标记基因的分子检测方法在自然环境中检测到的微生物功能类群的分布状况,最后指出分子检测技术的革新和完善的数据分析平台的建立对未来氮循环功能微生物研究的重要意义。

关键词: 宏基因组, 功能基因, 氮循环, 分子检测技术, 功能微生物类群

Abstract: The global nitrogen cycle is one of the most important biogeochemical cycles on earth,which is predominantly driven by a large number of microorganisms in various ecosystems. The application of metagenomics to reveal the total amount and diversity of functional microbial communities involved in nitrogen cycle,is one of the hotspots of environmental microbiology in recent years. In this paper,we briefly summarized the recent discovery on the functional microorganisms involved in nitrogen cycle. In addition,we focused on the selection of functional genes that could indicate certain nitrogen biological processes（including nitrogen fixation,nitrification,denitrification,anammox,assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrogen reduction,ammonification and assimilation）,and also highlighted the applications of these functional genes to detect the distribution of functional microbial communities in natural environments. Finally,we pointed out the importance of molecular detection techniques and data analysis platforms for future functional microbiological studies.

Key words: metagenomics, functional genes, nitrogen cycle, molecular detection techniques, functional microbes

王朱珺, 王尚, 刘洋荧, 冯凯, 邓晔. 宏基因组技术在氮循环功能微生物分子检测研究中的应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(1): 1-14.

WANG Zhu-jun, WANG Shang, LIU Yang-ying, FENG Kai, DENG Ye. The Applications of Metagenomics in the Detection of Environmental Microbes Involving in Nitrogen Cycle[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(1): 1-14.

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