一株高效解磷菌的筛选及其解磷效果验证

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0969

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为开发新型、安全及高效的解磷菌肥,从农田中分离筛选出多株菌,通过解磷能力验证,最终选出解磷能力最强的X-P18菌株,经16S rDNA分析鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌。同时,通过优化X-P18菌株液体发酵培养条件并测定发酵液中小分子有机酸种类,初步探究菌株的解磷机理。将该解磷菌施用于黑叶葵扇白菜盆栽,并对小白菜的基本指标进行分析。结果表明,X-P18菌株在无机磷液体培养基中,溶磷量为495.4 mg/L,具有分泌乙酸及其他少量小分子有机酸的特性。培养基初始接种量为1%、pH8.0、碳源为甘露糖、氮源为硫酸铵、培养温度为30℃时,X-P18菌株的解磷能力最佳,溶磷量为582.4 mg/L,比优化前高出17.6%。在X-P18菌剂添加量为2×10⁹CFU/盆时,对黑叶葵扇白菜的促生效果最明显,鲜重增加65.5%,叶片全磷含量增加46.9%。

关键词: 解磷菌, 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌, 黑叶葵扇白菜, 促生

Abstract: In order to develop new,safe and highly efficient phosphate-solubilizing microbial fertilizer,several strains were isolated and screened from farmland. The strain X-P18 with the strongest phosphate-solubilizing ability was selected by validating phosphate-solubilizing effect,and was identified as Bacilus velezensis by 16S rDNA. Meanwhile,the phosphate-solubilizing mechanism of the strain was preliminarily explored by optimizing the liquid fermentation conditions and measuring the contents of low-molecular-weight organic acids in the fermentation. The phosphate-solubilizing bacterium was applied to the potted Chinese cabbage,and growth indicators of the Chinese cabbage were analyzed. The results showed that the solubilized phosphorus content in the inorganic phosphorus liquid medium by X-P18 reached 495.4 mg/L,and it characterized with secreting acetic acid and other low-molecular-weight organic acids. The X-P18 strain demonstrated the best phosphate-solubilizing ability and its effective phosphorus content reached 582.4 mg/L,which was 17.6% higher than before the optimization,when inoculation quantity was 1%,the initial pH was 8.0,the carbon source was mannose,the nitrogen source was（NH₄）₂SO₄ and the culture temperature was 30℃. The growth promoting effect on Chinese cabbage was the most obvious,the fresh weight increased by 65.5%,and the total phosphorus content of leaves increased by 46.9%,when X-P18 was added in the amount of 2×10⁹ CFU/pot.

Key words: phosphate-solubilizing bacterium, Bacilus velezensis, Chinese cabbage, growth promotion

唐岷宸, 李文静, 宋天顺, 谢婧婧. 一株高效解磷菌的筛选及其解磷效果验证[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(6): 102-109.

TANG Min-chen, LI Wen-jing, SONG Tian-shun, XIE Jing-jing. Screening of a Highly Efficient Phosphate-solubilizing Bacterium and Validation of Its Phosphate-solubilizing Effect[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(6): 102-109.

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