DNA鸟嘌呤四联体研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0205

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鸟嘌呤（G）四联体（G-quadruplex,G4）,是指在DNA或RNA链中,富含G碱基的区域通过Hoogsteen氢键配对使G环互联形成的一种四链二级结构。人和动物的研究结果表明,G4广泛参与了DNA复制、转录、翻译和端粒结构维持等一系列基本的生物学功能。相比之下,植物G4生物学功能研究严重滞后。综述了人和动物DNA G4的研究方法,生物学功能及其可能的作用机制等研究进展;总结了植物G4的研究现状及其可能的生物功能;最后展望了G4在人类疾病诊断和治疗,农用物分子育种等方面的应用前景。

关键词: G4, DNA, 研究方法, 生物学功能

Abstract: G-quadruplex（G4）refers to a four-stranded secondary structure formed by guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences through Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding in the DNA or RNA strand. Studies of G4 in humans and animals demonstrate that G4 is involved in a wide range of basic biological functions such as DNA replication,transcription,translation,and maintenance of telomeric structure. By contrast,researches on the biological functions of G4 in plants have lagged way behind. This paper reviews the research progress on the methodologies,biological functions and possible mechanisms of DNA G4s in humans and animals,summarizes the research status and possible biological functions of G4 in plants,and finally prospects the application of G4 in diagnosis and treatment of human diseases as well as molecular crop breeding.

Key words: G4, DNA, research method, biological functions

冯逸龙, 张文利. DNA鸟嘌呤四联体研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(7): 23-31.

FENG Yi-long, ZHANG Wen-li. Research Progress on DNA Guanine Quadruplex[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(7): 23-31.

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