关键词: 山葡萄及杂交后代, 种质资源, SSR分子标记, 遗传多样性分析

Abstract:

The genetic diversity and genetic relationship of Vitis amurensis between Russia and Northeast China were analyzed with the SSR molecular marker technology, aiming to provide references for utilization and innovation of grape germplasm resources and molecular marker-assisted breeding of species. In the study, 11 pairs of SSR primers with fine polymorphism were selected and used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 10 Vitis amurensis from Northeast China and 63 Russia-introduced grapes. Total 75 alleles were detected in 73 grape resources by 11 pairs of primers, the number of observed alleles ranged from 3（VVIN31）to 10（VVS2）with the average of 6.818 2. The number of effective alleles（Ne）ranged from 1.305 0（VVIN31）to 5.280（VVS2）with the average of 3.519 6. The Shannon’s polymorphism information index（I）ranged from 0.467 8（VVIN31）to 1.883 0（VVS2）with the average of 1.373 6. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.233 7（VVIN31）to 0.809 8（VVS2）with the mean value of 0.644 0, but the sites VVIN31 and VMCA12 only had low moderate polymorphism. Nei’s genetic diversity index ranged from 0.809 8（VVS2）to 0.233 7（VVIN31）, with an average value 0.644 4, indicating that the genetic diversity of each site was quite different and the alleles were not evenly distributed in the population. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.166 7 to 0.931 5 with the average value of 0.464 2, the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.815 4 to 0.235 3, with an average value of 0.648 9. The heterozygosity of different sites varied greatly, and the average observed heterozygosity was lower than the expected heterozygosity, indicating that there was a certain inbreeding rate in the population, the heterozygotes was lack, and there were many homozygotes. The average coefficient of genetic differentiation was 0.1183 and the average of gene flow Nm was 1.864 1, showing that medium genetic differentiation of germplasm and large gene flow. The result of cluster analysis demonstrated that the relationship between Chinese grape resources and Russian wild grape resources was close, but that with Russian selective grape resources was far. The genetic diversity of selected varieties in Russia was higher than that of Chinese grape varieties and wild grape resources in Russia. Elven pairs of SSR primers have rich polymorphism information, 73 grape resources generate moderate genetic differentiation and abundant gene flow, and the genetic diversity of Russian grape resources is rich, which can be used for breeding new grape varieties.

Key words: Vitis amurensis and its hybrids offsprings, germplasm resources, SSR molecular markers, genetic diversity analysis