生物技术通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 109-118.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-1137

• 食用菌生物技术专题(专题主编: 黄晨阳) • 上一篇    下一篇

双孢蘑菇野生种质资源营养成分分析与评价

郑惠清(), 郭仲杰, 蔡志欣, 卢园萍, 廖剑华, 陈美元()   

  1. 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 特色食用菌繁育与栽培国家地方联合工程研究中心,福州 350012
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-03 出版日期:2021-11-26 发布日期:2021-12-03
  • 作者简介:郑惠清,女,硕士研究生,研究方向:食用菌育种;E-mail: 1132055710@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    福建省公益类科研院所基本科研专项项目(2019R1035-2);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-20);福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目(zycxny2021011);福建省“5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021007)

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Components in Agaricus bisporus Wild Germplasm Resource

ZHENG Hui-qing(), GUO Zhong-jie, CAI Zhi-xin, LU Yuan-ping, LIAO Jian-hua, CHEN Mei-yuan()   

  1. National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Breeding & Cultivation of Featured Edible Fungi,Fuzhou 350012
  • Received:2021-09-03 Published:2021-11-26 Online:2021-12-03

摘要:

为了评价双孢蘑菇野生种质资源的营养成分,筛选具有较好或特殊营养成分的种质,为双孢蘑菇育种提供科学的参考依据。以3份主栽品种为对照,分析评价了93份双孢蘑菇野生种质材料的蛋白质、氨基酸和脂肪酸的营养成分含量,并以营养成分含量均高于均值为依据筛选营养高效均衡的种质资源。结果表明,双孢蘑菇野生种质的蛋白质含量为29.50-37.60 g/100g,必需氨基酸含量为4.51-8.89 g/100g,必需氨基酸的比例为24.69%-40.59%,亚油酸含量为4 086.55-14 190.28 mg/kg,不饱和脂肪酸的比例为77.63%-87.47%。氨基酸的平均变异系数21.05%,亚油酸的变异系数22.93%。93份双孢蘑菇野生种质资源中氨基酸、脂肪酸含量存在丰富的变异,基于实验结果筛选到14份营养高效均衡的种质资源,可为双孢蘑菇品质提升定向育种提供亲本材料。

关键词: 食用菌, 种质资源, 蛋白质, 氨基酸, 脂肪酸

Abstract:

This work aims to evaluate the nutritional components in wild germplasm resources of Agaricus bisporus,and to screen the germplasm with higher or special nutritional contents,for providing a scientific reference for the breeding of A. bisporus. The contents of protein,amino acid and fatty acid in 93 wild strains of A. bisporus were analyzed and evaluated using 3 main cultivars as controls,and then the germplasm resources with better nutrition were selected based on the nutrient components higher than the average ones. The results showed that the protein content of the wild germplasm of A. bisporus was 29.50-37.60 g/100g,the contents of essential amino acids were 4.51-8.89 g/100g,and the ratios of essential amino acids was 24.69%-40.59%. The linoleic acid content was 4 086.55-14 190.28 mg/kg,and the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids was 77.63%-87.47%. The average variation coefficient of amino acids was 21.05%,and that of linoleic acid was 22.93%. There was abundant variation in the contents of amino acids and fatty acids of 93 wild strains of A. bisporus. Based on the experimental results,14 germplasms with high and balanced nutrient were selected,which may provide parent materials for directive breeding of A. bisporus to improve quality.

Key words: edible mushroom, germplasm resources, protein, amino acid, fatty acid