基于木糖异构酶途径的木糖发酵酿酒酵母菌株构建研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0448

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过异源表达木糖代谢途径，构建能高效发酵木糖产乙醇的工业酿酒酵母菌株，对木质纤维素燃料乙醇的开发具有重要意义。与氧化还原途径相比，木糖异构化途径的表达不会因辅酶不平衡而造成中间产物木糖醇的累积，因此被视为是理想的木糖代谢途径。在木糖异构途径的表达过程中，选择工业酿酒酵母作为出发菌株进行木糖异构酶途径的表达具有突出优势。同时，提高木糖异构酶基因xylA的表达效率对木糖异构菌株的构建至关重要。另外，在对XI菌株进行代谢工程改造时，GRE3的敲除、木糖转运的提升、木糖代谢途径的定向改造等均能有效改善菌株发酵木糖产乙醇的能力。除此之外，进化工程也是提升XI菌株木糖发酵效率的重要方法之一。而在相关机理阐释和改造策略的制定过程中，组学技术已显示出强大的功能。综述了近年来木糖异构酶途径在酿酒酵母中的表达研究进展，同时还对相关研究存在的问题进行了分析。

关键词: 酿酒酵母, 燃料乙醇, 木糖异构酶, 菌株构建

Abstract: It is of utmost significant to construct industrial xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for lignocellulosic bioethanol production through the heterologous expression of xylose metabolic pathway. Xylose isomerase pathway is regarded as the most promising pathway expressing in S. cerevisiae，since there is no xylitol accumulation resulted from the coenzyme imbalance in xylose redox pathway. In heterologous expression of xylose isomerase，selecting an industrial S. cerevisiae strain as initial strain is of outstanding advantages for lignocellulosic bioethanol production. Concurrently，improving the expression efficiency of xylose isomerase gene（xylA）is vital for constructing a robust xylose fermentation strain. In addition，the deletion of GRE3，strengthening of xylose transport and rational modification of xylose metabolic pathway during the metabolic modification of strain XI effectively improved the xylose fermentation capacity of the recombinant strains. Besides，evolutionary engineering also increased the xylose fermentation efficiency of XI strains. Furthermore，the omics technologies have presented their power in explaining the mechanism and developing the modification strategies of xylose metabolism. This paper reviews the research progresses on the expressions of xylose isomerase pathway in S. cerevisiae and analyzes the issues in the relevant studies.

Key words: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fuel ethanol, xylose isomerase, strain construction

李云成, 孟凡冰, 苟敏, 孙照勇, 汤岳琴. 基于木糖异构酶途径的木糖发酵酿酒酵母菌株构建研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2017, 33(10): 88-96.

LI Yun-cheng, MENG Fan-bing, GOU Min, SUN Zhao-yong, TANG Yue-qin. Research Progresses on Strain Construction of Xylose Isomerase-based Recombinant Xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2017, 33(10): 88-96.

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基于木糖异构酶途径的木糖发酵酿酒酵母菌株构建研究进展

Research Progresses on Strain Construction of Xylose Isomerase-based Recombinant Xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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[1]	徐发迪, 徐康, 孙东明, 李萌蕾, 赵建志, 鲍晓明. 基于杨木（Populus sp.）的二代燃料乙醇技术研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(9): 27-39.
[2]	成婷, 苑帅, 张晓元, 林良才, 李欣, 张翠英. 酿酒酵母异丁醇合成途径调控的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(7): 80-90.
[3]	祝瑛萱, 李克景, 何敏, 郑道琼. 酵母模型揭示胁迫因子驱动基因组变异的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(11): 191-204.
[4]	孙言秋, 谢采芸, 汤岳琴. 耐高温酿酒酵母的构建与高温耐受机制解析[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(11): 226-237.
[5]	王文韬, 冯颀, 刘晨光, 白凤武, 赵心清. 氧化还原敏感型基因元件增强酵母木质纤维素水解液抑制物胁迫耐受性[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(11): 360-372.
[6]	崔新刚, 孙雅欣, 崔晓静, 邓雁文, 孙恩浩, 王俊芳, 崔红晶. 酿酒酵母TAP42基因在细胞壁应激反应中的作用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(10): 57-62.
[7]	顾翰琦, 邵玲智, 刘冉, 刘晓光, 李玲, 刘倩, 李洁, 张雅丽. 酿酒酵母酚类抑制物耐受性脂质组学研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(1): 15-23.
[8]	吴宇, 王金华, 赵筱. GLN1基因过表达对提高酿酒酵母糠醛耐受性的研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(8): 69-78.
[9]	顾翰琦, 刘冉, 邵玲智, 徐岩岩, 王东岩, 张冬梅, 李洁. 酿酒酵母对酚类抑制物耐受性研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(6): 136-142.
[10]	陈永灿, 张建志, 司同. 酿酒酵母中基于CRISPR/dCás9的基因转录调控工具的开发与应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(4): 1-12.
[11]	李佳秀, 蔡倩茹, 吴杰群. 萜类化合物在酿酒酵母中的合成生物学研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(12): 199-207.
[12]	曹文妍, 王心凝, 沈煜, 李在禄, 鲍晓明. 酿酒酵母关联多药耐受性转录因子Yrr1p的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(11): 148-154.
[13]	陈和锋, 朱晁谊, 李爽. 产瓦伦西亚烯酿酒酵母的表达载体适配及发酵碳氮源优化[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(1): 209-219.
[14]	郭振强, 张勇, 曹运齐, 刘云云, 赵于, 吴蔼民. 燃料乙醇发酵技术研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(1): 238-244.
[15]	曹运齐, 刘云云, 胡南江, 胡晓玮, 张瑶, 赵于, 吴蔼民. 燃料乙醇的发展现状分析及前景展望[J]. 生物技术通报, 2019, 35(4): 163-169.