高粱粒重遗传研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0105

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高粱是世界第五大粮食作物,种植并培育高产的高粱品种对缓解世界粮食安全问题具有重要意义。粒重是构成产量的一个重要因素,增加粒重是提高高粱产量的重要途径。粒重是由数量性状基因控制的复杂性状,目前已有部分控制高粱粒重的QTLs（Quantitative trait loci,QTL）被定位,这些QTLs在高粱10条染色体上均有分布。对高粱粒重的遗传特点,粒重的影响因素及粒重QTL定位的研究进展进行了总结和概述,对已定位的高粱粒重QTLs进行了比较分析,查找了水稻和玉米中已克隆的粒重相关基因在高粱中的同源基因,并与高粱粒重QTLs定位区间进行了比较,以期为高粱粒重的分子标记辅助育种及高粱粒重主效QTLs的精细定位及克隆提供依据。

关键词: 高粱, 粒重, 遗传分析, 基因定位, 数量性状基因座

Abstract: Sorghum is the fifth largest cereal crop in the world. Breeding high-yielding varieties of sorghum is of great significance on alleviating food security in the world. Grain weight is an important component of crop yield,increasing grain weight is an effective way in the improvement of sorghum yield. Grain weight is a complex trait controlled by quantitative trait loci（QTL）. At present,some QTLs controlling grain weight in sorghum have been located on the genetic map,which distribute on the all 10 chromosomes of sorghum. In this paper,the genetic characteristics,the influencing factors and the research progress of QTL mapping for sorghum grain weight were summarized,and the detected QTLs were compared and analyzed. The homologous genes of grain weight related genes already cloned in rice and maize were searched in sorghum genome and compared with the mapping intervals of sorghum grain weight QTLs,aiming at providing a basis for marker-assisted breeding and fine mapping or cloning of major QTLs for sorghum grain weight.

Key words: sorghum, grain weight, genetic analysis, gene mapping, quantitative trait loci

韩立杰, 才宏伟. 高粱粒重遗传研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2019, 35(5): 15-27.

HAN Li-jie, CAI Hong-wei. Progress on Genetic Research of Sorghum Grain Weight[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(5): 15-27.

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