细菌群体感应信号分子淬灭酶的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2015.10.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 群体感应（Quorum sensing, QS）是细菌细胞间通过信号分子互相交流的一种现象, 细菌细胞通过分泌并感应特定的信号分子浓度, 当信号分子浓度达到一定阈值时, 细菌细胞会启动特定基因尤其是很多致病基因的表达, 这就给防治某些植物、动物性疾病提供了一种新思维。群体淬灭（Quorum quenching, QQ）就是基于群体感应而提出的, 它主要是通过分解细菌细胞所产生的信号分子, 使信号分子浓度在阈值之内, 从而使细菌无法表达特定致病因子, 进而防治病害的一种方法, 群体淬灭酶是研究的最多也是最有效的淬灭途径。到目前为止, 很多群体淬灭酶已经被分离出来。系统总结了群体淬灭酶的种类、特性、催化机制和生理功能方面的进展。

关键词: 群体感应, 群体淬灭, 分子淬灭酶, 酰基高丝氨酸内酯酰基转移酶, 酰基高丝氨酸内酯酶

Abstract: Quorum sensing（QS）is a phenomenon of intercellular communication of bacteria via signal molecules. Bacteria secrete the specific signal molecules and respond to them, and bacterial cells enable the expression of specific genes, especially disease-causing genes while the signal molecules accumulate to a threshold concentration. This provides a new thought to prevent plants and animals from bacterial pathogenicity. Quorum quenching（QQ）based on QS system is a schema to decompose the signal molecules beyond the threshold concentration, and therefore represses the expression of specific virulence gene, so finally the prevention and control of diseases are achieved. The enzymes of QQ have been explored the most and also proved to be the most effective ways of quenching. To date, many QQ enzymes have been isolated successfully. Here we review progress on QQ enzymes with aspects of their type, property, catalytic mechanism, and physiologic function.

Key words: quorum sensing, quorum quenching, molecule quenching enzyme, acyl homoserine acylase, acyl homoserine lactonase

邢启凡,柳鹏福,史吉平,孙玉梅. 细菌群体感应信号分子淬灭酶的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2015, 31(10): 48-55.

Xing Qifan, Liu Pengfu, Shi Jiping, Sun Yumei. Research Progress on Bacterial Quorum Quenching Enzymes[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2015, 31(10): 48-55.

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