鱼类肽聚糖识别蛋白的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0218

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 肽聚糖识别蛋白（Peptidoglycan recognition proteins,PGRPs）是一类高度保守的模式识别受体（Pattern recognition receptors,PRRs）家族,能够识别细菌细胞壁的主要成分肽聚糖,进而激活并调节机体的先天性免疫反应。目前已报道的鱼类PGRP共23种,根据氨基酸序列的不同,PGRPs主要分为3类,分别是短型、中型和长型PGRPs。尽管鱼类PGRPs在大小、结构域布局及亚细胞定位方面有一定差异,但其C端的PGRP结构域是高度保守的。鱼类PGRPs在不同组织中广泛表达,在不同细菌的刺激下,鱼类PGRPs在各免疫组织的表达量均明显改变,推测鱼类PGRPs参与了机体的免疫应答过程。此外,鱼类PGRPs在生理过程、胚胎发育的先天性免疫调节中也扮演了重要角色。目前有关鱼类PGRPs的功能研究主要集中在病原识别能力,酰胺酶活性、杀菌抑菌性和免疫调节机制四个方面,尽管已经取得了一定的进展,然而对其作用机制的研究还不够深入,未来需要进一步深入的研究。针对鱼类PGRPs的结构、表达及功能进行综述,旨在为今后深入研究鱼类PGRPs的功能及应用提供思路。

关键词: 鱼类, 肽聚糖识别蛋白, 细菌, 先天性免疫

Abstract: Peptidoglycan recognition proteins（PGRPs）are a family of highly-conserved pattern recognition receptors（PRRs）,they may recognize peptidoglycans,an essential component of bacterial cell wall,consequently activate and regulate innate immunes of a body. At present there are 23 reported fish PGRPs,and they were classified into three groups based on the length of the amino acid sequence,named short-PGRPs,intermediate-PGRPs and long-PGRPs. Its C-terminal PGRP domain is highly conserved although fish PGRPs have some differences in protein size,domain organization and subcellular localization. Fish PGRPs widely express in different tissues,its expression levels display notable changes in various immune tissues under the stimulation of different bacteria,thus we speculate that fish PGRPs are involved in the immune response. In addition,fish PGRPs also play a vital role in the physiological process and innate immune regulation of embryonic development. Currently,researches on the functions of fish PGRPs mainly focus on pathogen recognition,amidase activity,bactericidal ability and antimicrobial activity,as well as immune regulatory mechanisms;however,researches on the mechanisms of fish PGRPs remain swallow,and needs further deep researches. This paper reviews the structure,express and function of fish PGRPs,aiming at providing for further studying the function and application for PGRPs in fish.

Key words: fish, PGRP, bacteria, innate immunity

夏洪丽, 程俊, 喻大鹏, 陈文捷, 鲁义善. 鱼类肽聚糖识别蛋白的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(8): 58-66.

XIA Hong-li, CHENG Jun, YU Da-peng, CHEN Wen-jie, LU Yi-shan. Research Progress on Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins in Fish[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(8): 58-66.

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