生物技术通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 112-121.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0285

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

禾本科主要农作物叶绿体基因组研究进展

李裕华1(), 任永康2, 赵兴华3, 刘江3, 韩斌3, 王长彪3(), 唐朝晖4()   

  1. 1.山西大学生物工程学院,太原 030006
    2.山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所,太原030031
    3.山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,太原 030031
    4.山西省农业科学院,太原 030031
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-16 出版日期:2020-11-26 发布日期:2020-11-20
  • 作者简介:李裕华,男,硕士研究生,研究方向:小麦遗传育种;E-mail: 18846792568@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221018-6)

Research Progress on Chloroplast Genome of Major Gramineous Crops

LI Yu-hua1(), REN Yong-kang2, ZHAO Xing-hua3, LIU Jiang3, HAN bin3, WANG Chang-biao3(), TANG Zhao-hui4()   

  1. 1. College of Bio-engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006
    2. Institute of Crop Sciences,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031
    3. Research Center of Biotechnology,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031
    4. Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031
  • Received:2020-03-16 Published:2020-11-26 Online:2020-11-20

摘要:

叶绿体是植物细胞所特有的细胞器,是光合作用的主要场所。叶绿体拥有独立的核外基因组,编码与自身功能相关的部分基因,具有半自主性。叶绿体基因组(cpDNA)中含有大量功能基因,在物种鉴定及系统进化研究中的应用价值已经受到研究者们的广泛关注和逐步认可。禾本科是叶绿体基因组研究比较集中的一个科,就禾本科主要作物的叶绿体基因组特征、基因类型分布、RNA编辑以及禾本科主要作物叶绿体基因组在系统发育中的应用等方面进行了综合分析,旨为下一步解析禾本科叶绿体基因组在物种的进化、遗传、系统发育关系等方面的研究奠定基础。

关键词: 禾本科作物, 叶绿体基因组, 系统发育组学, RNA编辑

Abstract:

Chloroplasts are unique organelles in plant cells and the main sites of photosynthesis. The chloroplasts are semi-autonomous,possessing independent extranuclear genomes that can encode some of the genes associated with their own functions. The chloroplast genomes(cpDNA)contains a large number of functional genes,and their application values in the study of species identification and phyletic evolution have been widely accepted and gradually recognized by researchers. Gramineae is one of the most concentrated families in chloroplast genome researches. In this paper,we elaborated the studies on the characteristics of the chloroplast genome,the distribution of gene types,gene sequence analysis,RNA editing,and the application of chloroplast genomes in the phylogenetic development of major Gramineae crops,so as to lay a foundation for better analyzing the chloroplast genomes of Gramineae in terms of species evolution,genetics,and phylogenetic relationships.

Key words: gramineae crops, chloroplast genome, phylogenetics, RNA editing