微生物铁蛋白的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0419

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

铁蛋白作为一种重要的铁储存蛋白,在不同的微生物体中普遍存在。通过对典型的微生物铁蛋白分子（FTN）的结构及其功能的归纳分析发现,铁蛋白依赖其独特的结构特点,在铁的补充、转运、氧化、成核和储存中扮演着重要作用,也对生物体内的多种生物化学反应影响显著。同时借助基因工程技术对铁蛋白进行相应的分子改造,增加了其作为纳米载体的应用潜能。其次铁蛋白自身特殊的自组装特性,能够满足对药物或其他物质的目的性装载。为进一步探讨铁蛋白在微生物体内的作用特性和功能机制,本文就微生物铁蛋白的结构特点、铁的作用及释放机制、铁的调控与储存、铁蛋白的分子改造及其应用与研究展望进行了相关综述。

关键词: 铁蛋白, 铁氧化酶, 生物矿化, 笼状结构, 纳米载体

Abstract:

Ferritin（FTN）,an important iron storage protein,is ubiquitous in different microorganisms. Based on the summarized analysis of the structure and function of typical ferritin,it is found that the unique structural characteristics of ferritin plays an important role in the supplement,transport,oxidation,nucleation and storage of iron,and also has a significant impact on various biochemical reactions in organisms. Moreover,the molecular modification of ferritin by genetic engineering technology will expand its application as nanocarrier. The special self-assembly characteristics of ferritin make it a potential carrier for drugs or other substances. Therefore,in order to further explore the characteristics and mechanism of ferritin in microorganisms,the structural characteristics of microbial ferritin,the role and release mechanism of iron,the regulation and storage of iron,the molecular modification of ferritin and its perspectives are systematically summarized in this review.

Key words: ferritin, ferroxidase, biomineralization, cage structure protein, nanoparticles

高启禹, 徐光翠, 崔彩霞, 张文博. 微生物铁蛋白的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(1): 269-277.

GAO Qi-yu, XU Guang-cui, CUI Cai-xia, ZHANG Wen-bo. Research Progress in Microbial Ferritin[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(1): 269-277.

图/表 5

图1 铁蛋白及铁储存的立体结构

Fig.1 Ferritin and iron storage cellular compartments[17]

图2 细菌铁蛋白的Fe2+氧化位点结构示意图

Fig.2 Structural diagram of Fe2+ oxidation site of bacterial ferritin[18]

图3 铁氧化酶活性中心的作用机制

Fig.3 Mechanism of ferroxidase center[5]

图4 铁蛋白中铁的氧化还原机制

Fig.4 Redox mechanism of iron in ferritin[28]

图5 铁蛋白内腔中纳米粒子的合成

Fig.5 Synthesis of nanoparticles inside the ferritin inner cavity[51]

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