致病疫霉侵染前后马铃薯植株挥发性成分分析

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0431

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的为挖掘致病疫霉侵染马铃薯植株后诱导产生具有潜在防御功能的挥发性物质，对致病疫霉侵染马铃薯植株前后的挥发性成分进行研究。方法借助顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术（HS-SPME-GC-MS）对健康马铃薯样品与接菌处理马铃薯样品的挥发性成分进行鉴定及差异分析。结果从健康马铃薯植株中鉴定出9大类挥发性成分，以萜类、酯类和杂环类化合物为主。接种致病疫霉24、48与72 h分别筛选到80、53、37个与对照植株相比含量存在变化的挥发性成分，其中萜类化合物产生变化的数量最多，其次是杂环化合物、酯类和醇类化合物。同时发现接种致病疫霉24 h与48 h马铃薯植株能迅速累积挥发性物质，以藏红花醛、4-甲基-5，6-二氢吡喃-2-酮、反-2，顺-6-壬二烯醇、薰衣草醇等为植物早期响应含量增加的挥发性成分，而接种72 h后，前期累积挥发性物质含量下降，并有后期特异性挥发性物质积累，以3-正丁烯基苯酞、（E）-3，7-二甲基-2，6-辛二烯醛为主要的植物后期响应累积化合物。结论致病疫霉侵染马铃薯植株后引起的特异性挥发性成分变化，阐明了马铃薯对于致病疫霉入侵的防御模式变化过程，提供了潜在防御性挥发物质的动态变化过程，为化学信息辅助识别诊断马铃薯晚疫病的发生提供科学依据。

关键词: 马铃薯, 顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法, 致病疫霉, 挥发性成分, 代谢组学分析

Abstract:

Objective Given the significance of potatoes as a food crop, investigating plant volatiles and their roles in defense is vital for improving production. This study analyzed volatile compounds before and after Phytophthora infestans infection to clarify their defensive functions and provide a basis for reducing disease and enhancing yield. Method Headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to identify and compare the volatile compounds of healthy and inoculated potato samples. Result A total of 9 volatile components were identified from the healthy plant, of which terpenoids, esters and heterocyclic compounds were the predominant constituents. Differential analysis showed that 80, 53, and 37 differential metabolites were screened at 24, 48, and 72 h post-inoculation, respectively. Among these, terpenoids were the most abundant, followed by heterocyclic compounds, esters, and alcohols. Notable VOC accumulation was detected in P. infestans-inoculated potato plants at 24 h and 48 h post-inoculation, comprising characteristic early-response compounds: safranal, dehydromevalonolactone, trans-2, cis-6-nonadienol and lavandulol. However, at 72 h after inoculation, the contents of pre-accumulated compounds decreased noticeably, with concomitant accumulation of late-phase response compounds, exemplified by butylidenephthalide and geranial. Conclusion Variations of volatile compounds in potato plants following P. infestans infection reveals dynamic changes in defensive responses against pathogen invasion. Specific alterations in volatile profiles induced by P. infestans infection in potato plants elucidate dynamic changes in defense mechanisms, delineate temporal dynamics of putative defensive volatiles, and provide a scientific basis for chemometrics-assisted diagnosis of late blight. These findings may establish a scientific foundation for quality assessment research in this essential food crop.

Key words: Solanum tuberosum L., HS-SPME-GC-MS, Phytophthora infestans, volatile component, metabolomics analysis

罗宜菲, 徐娅, 卢斯琪, 高媛媛, 苟展, 方红, 尚轶, 滕林琳. 致病疫霉侵染前后马铃薯植株挥发性成分分析[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(11): 247-260.

LUO Yi-fei, XU Ya, LU Si-qi, GAO Yuan-yuan, GOU Zhan, FANG Hong, SHANG Yi, TENG Lin-lin. Analysis of Volatile Components in Solanum tuberosum L. Plants Infected with Phytophthora infestans[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(11): 247-260.

图/表 11

参考文献 32

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类型 Type	CK vs Treat-24 h			CK vs Treat-48 h			CK vs Treat-72 h
类型 Type	总数 Total	含量增加 Up	含量降低 Down	总数 Total	含量增加 Up	含量降低 Down	总数 Total	含量增加 Up	含量降低 Down
酸 Acid	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	1
醇 Alcohol	8	6	2	6	2	4	5	2	3
醛 Aldehyde	4	4	0	1	1	0	0	0	0
酮 Ketone	4	0	4	3	0	3	1	0	1
胺 Amine	4	1	3	2	0	2	2	0	2
酯 Ester	10	6	4	8	3	5	8	3	5
萜类 Terpenoids	27	12	15	15	4	11	9	3	6
杂环化合物Heterocyclic compound	12	5	7	7	2	5	6	1	5
烃类 Hydrocarbons	2	2	0	3	0	3	1	1	0
卤代烃 Halogenated hydrocarbons	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
芳烃 Aromatics	2	0	2	3	0	3	2	1	1
酚类 Phenol	5	2	3	4	0	4	2	1	1
含氮化合物 Nitrogen compound	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
其他 Others	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
总计 Total	80	40	40	53	13	40	37	12	25

类型 Type	CK vs Treat-24 h			CK vs Treat-48 h			CK vs Treat-72 h
类型 Type	总数 Total	含量增加 Up	含量降低 Down	总数 Total	含量增加 Up	含量降低 Down	总数 Total	含量增加 Up	含量降低 Down
酸 Acid	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	1
醇 Alcohol	8	6	2	6	2	4	5	2	3
醛 Aldehyde	4	4	0	1	1	0	0	0	0
酮 Ketone	4	0	4	3	0	3	1	0	1
胺 Amine	4	1	3	2	0	2	2	0	2
酯 Ester	10	6	4	8	3	5	8	3	5
萜类 Terpenoids	27	12	15	15	4	11	9	3	6
杂环化合物Heterocyclic compound	12	5	7	7	2	5	6	1	5
烃类 Hydrocarbons	2	2	0	3	0	3	1	1	0
卤代烃 Halogenated hydrocarbons	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
芳烃 Aromatics	2	0	2	3	0	3	2	1	1
酚类 Phenol	5	2	3	4	0	4	2	1	1
含氮化合物 Nitrogen compound	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
其他 Others	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
总计 Total	80	40	40	53	13	40	37	12	25

编号 No.	取样时间 Sampling time （h）	化合物 Compound	CAS	保留指数 Retention index	分类 Class	变化类型 Type
1	24	甲酸辛酯 Octyl formate	112-32-3	1 114	酯 Ester	Up
2	24	十一醛 Undecanal	112-44-7	1 307	醛 Aldehyde	Up
3	24	环戊基丁酸酯 Cyclopentyl butanoate	6290-13-7	1 126	酯 Ester	Up
4	24	4-甲基-5，6-二氢吡喃-2-酮 Dehydromevalonolactone	2381-87-5	1 169	酯 Ester	Up
5	24	2-辛烯酸 2-Octenoic acid	1470-50-4	1 181	酸 Acid	Up
6	24	2-（4-甲基环己-2，4-二烯-1-基）丙-2-醇 2-（4-Methyl-2，4-cyclohexadienyl）-2-propanol	1686-20-0	1 167	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
7	24	1-壬醇 1-Nonanol	143-08-8	1 173	醇 Alcohol	Up
8	24	3，5-二甲基苯酚 3，5-Dimethylphenol	108-68-9	1 171	酚 Phenol	Up
9	24	反-2，顺-6-壬二烯醇 trans-2，cis-6-Nonadienol	28069-72-9	1 170	醇 Alcohol	Up
10	24	3-巯基-1-己醇 3-Mercaptohexanol	51755-83-0	1 127	醇 Alcohol	Up
11	24	薰衣草醇 Lavandulol	498-16-8	1 170	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
12	24	薄荷醇 Menthol	2216-51-5	1 171	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
13	24	3-甲基丁酸-4-甲基己酯 4-Methylhexyl 3-methylbutanoate	1215127-80-2	1 312	酯 Ester	Up
14	24	藏红花醛 Safranal	116-26-7	1 201	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
15	24	2-甲基十一烷 2-Methylundecane	7045-71-8	1 164	烃类 Hydrocarbons	Up
16	24	3-羟基-4-甲基-5-乙基-2（5H）呋喃酮 5-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2（5H）-furanone	698-10-2	1 195	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Up
17	24	（1α，2β，5α）-2，6，6-三甲基-双环［3.1.1］庚烷-3酮 Isopinocamphone	15358-88-0	1 173	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
18	24	顺-2-异丙烯基-1-甲基环丁基乙醇 Grandisol	30820-22-5	1 183	醇 Alcohol	Up
19	24	3-甲基硫羟丁酸-S-（1-甲基丙基）酯 S-（1-Methylpropyl） 3-methylbutanethioate	2432-91-9	1 174	酯 Ester	Up
20	24	四聚乙醛 Metaldehyde	108-62-3	1 160	醛 Aldehyde	Up
21	24	α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	10482-56-1	1 190	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
22	24	3，7-二甲基-1，6-辛二烯-3-醇甲酸酯 Linalool formate	115-99-1	1 215	酯 Ester	Down
23	24	N-苯基甲酰胺 Formanilide	103-70-8	1 221	胺 Amine	Down
24	24	α-没药醇 α-Bisabolol	23089-26-1	1 695	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
25	24	γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	99-85-4	1 060	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
26	24	反式-3-（4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基）-2-丙烯-1-醇 Trans-Coniferyl alcohol	32811-40-8	1 743	酚 Phenol	Down
27	24	2'-乙酰氧基苯乙酮 2′-Acetoxyacetophenone	7250-94-4	1 409	酮 Ketone	Down
28	24	2-乙基-苯并［b］噻吩 2-Ethylbenzo［b］thiophene	1196-81-2	1 412	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Down
29	24	β-红没药烯 β-Bisabolene	495-61-4	1 509	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
30	24	红没药醇 Bisabolol	515-69-5	1 684	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
31	24	3-乙酰基-2，5-二甲基苯并［b］噻吩 3-Acetyl-2，5-dimethylbenzo［b］thiophene	6179-04-0	1 697	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Down
32	24	4-异丙基-6-甲基-1-亚甲基-1，2，3，4-四氢萘 β-Calacorene	50277-34-4	1 563	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
33	24	顺式菊醇 Chrysanthenol	55722-60-6	1 162	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
34	24	2-亚甲基-4，8，8-三甲基-4-乙烯基-双环［5.2.0］壬烷 2-Methylene-4，8，8-trimethyl-4-vinyl bicyclo［5，2，0］nonane	242794-76-9	1 407	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
35	24	顺-5-甲基-2-（1-甲基乙基）环己酮 Isomenthone	491-07-6	1 164	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
36	24	β-丁内酯 β-Butyrolactone	3068-88-0	732	酮 Ketone	Down
37	24	倍半乳糖呋喃 Sesquirose furan	39007-93-7	1 557	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Down
38	24	愈创木酚 Guaiacol	90-05-1	1 089	酚 Phenol	Down
39	24	3-羟基-2-丁酮 Acetoin	513-86-0	713	酮 Ketone	Down
40	24	N-亚甲基-乙胺 N-Methylenevinylamine	38239-27-9	727	胺 Amine	Down

编号 No.	取样时间 Sampling time （h）	化合物 Compound	CAS	保留指数 Retention index	分类 Class	变化类型 Type
1	24	甲酸辛酯 Octyl formate	112-32-3	1 114	酯 Ester	Up
2	24	十一醛 Undecanal	112-44-7	1 307	醛 Aldehyde	Up
3	24	环戊基丁酸酯 Cyclopentyl butanoate	6290-13-7	1 126	酯 Ester	Up
4	24	4-甲基-5，6-二氢吡喃-2-酮 Dehydromevalonolactone	2381-87-5	1 169	酯 Ester	Up
5	24	2-辛烯酸 2-Octenoic acid	1470-50-4	1 181	酸 Acid	Up
6	24	2-（4-甲基环己-2，4-二烯-1-基）丙-2-醇 2-（4-Methyl-2，4-cyclohexadienyl）-2-propanol	1686-20-0	1 167	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
7	24	1-壬醇 1-Nonanol	143-08-8	1 173	醇 Alcohol	Up
8	24	3，5-二甲基苯酚 3，5-Dimethylphenol	108-68-9	1 171	酚 Phenol	Up
9	24	反-2，顺-6-壬二烯醇 trans-2，cis-6-Nonadienol	28069-72-9	1 170	醇 Alcohol	Up
10	24	3-巯基-1-己醇 3-Mercaptohexanol	51755-83-0	1 127	醇 Alcohol	Up
11	24	薰衣草醇 Lavandulol	498-16-8	1 170	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
12	24	薄荷醇 Menthol	2216-51-5	1 171	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
13	24	3-甲基丁酸-4-甲基己酯 4-Methylhexyl 3-methylbutanoate	1215127-80-2	1 312	酯 Ester	Up
14	24	藏红花醛 Safranal	116-26-7	1 201	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
15	24	2-甲基十一烷 2-Methylundecane	7045-71-8	1 164	烃类 Hydrocarbons	Up
16	24	3-羟基-4-甲基-5-乙基-2（5H）呋喃酮 5-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2（5H）-furanone	698-10-2	1 195	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Up
17	24	（1α，2β，5α）-2，6，6-三甲基-双环［3.1.1］庚烷-3酮 Isopinocamphone	15358-88-0	1 173	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
18	24	顺-2-异丙烯基-1-甲基环丁基乙醇 Grandisol	30820-22-5	1 183	醇 Alcohol	Up
19	24	3-甲基硫羟丁酸-S-（1-甲基丙基）酯 S-（1-Methylpropyl） 3-methylbutanethioate	2432-91-9	1 174	酯 Ester	Up
20	24	四聚乙醛 Metaldehyde	108-62-3	1 160	醛 Aldehyde	Up
21	24	α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	10482-56-1	1 190	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
22	24	3，7-二甲基-1，6-辛二烯-3-醇甲酸酯 Linalool formate	115-99-1	1 215	酯 Ester	Down
23	24	N-苯基甲酰胺 Formanilide	103-70-8	1 221	胺 Amine	Down
24	24	α-没药醇 α-Bisabolol	23089-26-1	1 695	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
25	24	γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	99-85-4	1 060	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
26	24	反式-3-（4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基）-2-丙烯-1-醇 Trans-Coniferyl alcohol	32811-40-8	1 743	酚 Phenol	Down
27	24	2'-乙酰氧基苯乙酮 2′-Acetoxyacetophenone	7250-94-4	1 409	酮 Ketone	Down
28	24	2-乙基-苯并［b］噻吩 2-Ethylbenzo［b］thiophene	1196-81-2	1 412	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Down
29	24	β-红没药烯 β-Bisabolene	495-61-4	1 509	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
30	24	红没药醇 Bisabolol	515-69-5	1 684	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
31	24	3-乙酰基-2，5-二甲基苯并［b］噻吩 3-Acetyl-2，5-dimethylbenzo［b］thiophene	6179-04-0	1 697	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Down
32	24	4-异丙基-6-甲基-1-亚甲基-1，2，3，4-四氢萘 β-Calacorene	50277-34-4	1 563	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
33	24	顺式菊醇 Chrysanthenol	55722-60-6	1 162	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
34	24	2-亚甲基-4，8，8-三甲基-4-乙烯基-双环［5.2.0］壬烷 2-Methylene-4，8，8-trimethyl-4-vinyl bicyclo［5，2，0］nonane	242794-76-9	1 407	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
35	24	顺-5-甲基-2-（1-甲基乙基）环己酮 Isomenthone	491-07-6	1 164	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
36	24	β-丁内酯 β-Butyrolactone	3068-88-0	732	酮 Ketone	Down
37	24	倍半乳糖呋喃 Sesquirose furan	39007-93-7	1 557	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Down
38	24	愈创木酚 Guaiacol	90-05-1	1 089	酚 Phenol	Down
39	24	3-羟基-2-丁酮 Acetoin	513-86-0	713	酮 Ketone	Down
40	24	N-亚甲基-乙胺 N-Methylenevinylamine	38239-27-9	727	胺 Amine	Down

编号 No.	取样时间 Sampling time （h）	化合物 Compound	CAS	保留指数 Retention index	分类 Class	变化类型 Type
4	48	4-甲基-5，6-二氢吡喃-2-酮 Dehydromevalonolactone	2381-87-5	1 169	酯 Ester	Up
5	48	2-辛烯酸 2-Octenoic acid	1470-50-4	1 181	酸 Acid	Up
6	48	2-（4-甲基环己-2，4-二烯-1-基）丙-2-醇 2-（4-Methyl-2，4-cyclohexadienyl）-2-propanol	1686-20-0	1 167	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
7	48	1-壬醇 1-Nonanol	143-08-8	1 173	醇 Alcohol	Up
9	48	反-2，顺-6-壬二烯醇 trans-2，cis-6-Nonadienol	28069-72-9	1 170	醇 Alcohol	Up
14	48	藏红花醛 Safranal	116-26-7	1 201	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
11	48	薰衣草醇 Lavandulol	498-16-8	1 170	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
19	48	3-甲基硫羟丁酸-S-（1-甲基丙基）酯 S-（1-Methylpropyl） 3-methylbutanethioate	2432-91-9	1 174	酯 Ester	Up
41	48	3-丁烯基-4，5-二氢-1（3H）-异苯并呋喃酮 3-Butylhexahydro-1（3H）-isobenzofuranone	3553-34-2	1 653	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Up
42	48	冰片 2-endo-Bornyl alcohol	507-70-0	1 167	萜类 Terpenoids	Up
43	48	环己醇 Cyclohexanol	108-93-0	880	醇 Alcohol	Down
39	48	3-羟基-2-丁酮 Acetoin	513-86-0	713	酮 Ketone	Down
37	48	倍半乳糖呋喃 Sesquirose furan	39007-93-7	1 557	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Down
36	48	β-丁内酯 β-Butyrolactone	3068-88-0	732	酮 Ketone	Down
40	48	N-亚甲基-乙胺 N-Methylenevinylamine	38239-27-9	727	胺 Amine	Down
30	48	红没药醇 Bisabolol	515-69-5	1 684	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
31	48	3-乙酰基-2，5-二甲基苯并［b］噻吩 3-Acetyl-2，5-dimethylbenzo［b］thiophene	6179-04-0	1 697	杂环化合物 Heterocyclic compound	Down
29	48	β-红没药烯 β-Bisabolene	495-61-4	1 509	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
34	48	2-亚甲基-4，8，8-三甲基-4-乙烯基-双环［5.2.0］壬烷 2-Methylene-4，8，8-trimethyl-4-vinyl bicyclo［5，2，0］nonane	242794-76-9	1 407	萜类 Terpenoids	Down
38	48	愈创木酚 Guaiacol	90-05-1	1 089	酚 Phenol	Down