Review on Mechanism and Application of Microbe Degrading Petroleum Pollutants

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0156

Abstract

Abstract:

The analysis on the degradation mechanism of petroleum hydrocarbons is crucial for oil pollution remediation since oil pollution is an urgent issue of water environment. This paper summarizes the main processes of treating oil-polluted water bodies and sediments,and highlights the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by microbes. The microbial species,degradation mechanism and reaction mechanism in the course of microbial degradation and removal of petroleum hydrocarbon are mainly introduced. It mainly includes representative bacteria,fungi and algae,aerobic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons（alkane,cyclane,and aromatic hydrocarbon）and anaerobic degradation（dehydrogenation hydroxylation and fumarate addition）. In addition,the factors affecting microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon are discussed,specifically including hydrocarbon structures（The more complex branched multi-structure is,then the more difficult it is to be degraded）,microbial species（More biochemical degradation by mixed bacteria）and environmental factors（pH,temperature,salinity,oxygen content,and nutrients）. The advantages and disadvantages of the applied bioremediation technologies for oil pollution remediation are further pointed out. Moreover,by analyzing the problems in current researches,the development emphasis in the biodegradation of oil pollutants is forecasted,that is,the mechanism of biodegrading oil needs to be further clarified. And the paper predicts that bio-electrochemical methods will make an important role in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants. By reviewing the biodegradation mechanism and reaction mechanism of petroleum hydrocarbons,it is aimed to provide the reference for bioremediation of petroleum pollution in water bodies.

Key words: petroleum hydrocarbon, water pollution, microorganism remediation, degradation mechanism

HUA Tao, LI Sheng-nan, DI Zhi-hun, ZHOU Bo, ZENG Wen-lu, ZHOU Qi-xing, LI Feng-xiang. Review on Mechanism and Application of Microbe Degrading Petroleum Pollutants[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(10): 26-34.

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