Isolation, Identification, Degradation Characteristics and Metabolic Pathway of an Efficient Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-degrading Bacterium

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0347

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to obtain more abundant resources of sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS）-degrading bacteria，a highly efficient SDS-degrading strain D2 with SDS as the only carbon source was isolated from the composite strain SDS1 screened and preserved in our laboratory. According to its morphological characteristics，physiological and biochemical experiments and 16S rRNA gene sequence molecular analysis，D2 was identified as Paraburkholderia tropica. The experimental results confirmed that the degradation rate of SDS by D2 increased to 98.3% at a temperature of 30℃，pH 7，salinity 0.1%（W/W）when the initial concentration of SDS was 1 200 mg/L，and an additional nitrogen source of sodium nitrate + ammonium chloride for 48 h. The main metabolites of the strain in SDS degradation were detected via ion chromatography，gas chromatography and liquid chromatography. The feasible degradation pathway of SDS by D2 might be SDS → sulfate +1-dodecanol → dodecanaldehyde → dodecanoic acid → acetic acid → CO₂ + H₂O. This study may provide microbial resources for the efficient degradation of SDS-containing surfactant wastewater.

Key words: sodium dodecyl sulfate, Paraburkholderia tropica, microbial degradation, isolation and identification, degradation characteristics, metabolism pathway

NIU Hong-yu, SHU Qian, YANG Hai-jun, YAN Zhi-yong, TAN Ju. Isolation, Identification, Degradation Characteristics and Metabolic Pathway of an Efficient Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-degrading Bacterium[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(12): 287-299.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig. 1 Degradation rate of SDS by strain D2 under initial concentrations

Fig. 2 Degradation rate of SDS by each generation of strain D2

Fig. 3 Colony characteristics of D2 strain A：Gram staining morphology. B：Morphological characteristics of strain in LB solid medium（streaked inoculation）

Table 1 Physiological and biochemical characteristics of D2 strain

特征 Charateristics	检测结果 Result
利用柠檬酸盐 Use of citrate	+
糖发酵 Glucose fermentation	+
甲基红 Methyl red	-
尿素水解 Urea hydrolysis	+
产氨 Ammonia	+
苯丙氨酸脱氢酶 Phenylalanine dehydrogenase	-
吲哚 Indocyanine	-
产硫化氢 Hydrogen sulfide	-

Table 2 Identification of D2 strain by 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis

物种 Species	NCBI登录号 NCBI accession no.	相似度 Percent of similarity
Paraburkholderia tropica strain DSM 15359	NR_028965.1	99.93%
Paraburkholderia bannensis strain NBRC 103871	NR_113178.1	98.68%
Burkholderia humi Srinivasan strain JCM 18070	NR_132708.1	98.53%

Fig. 4 Phylogenetic tree of strain D2 and its related strains

Fig. 5 Effects of environmental factors on the degradation of SDS by strain D2 A：Temperature. B：pH. C：Incubation time. D：NaCl concentration. E：Nitrogen source（1：Sodium nitrate. 2：Ammonium chloride. 3：Sodium nitrate and ammonium chloride. 4：Urea. 5：Peptone）. ANOVA Duncan method was used for analysis and different letters means significant difference at P<0.05

Table 3 Orthogonal experimental design

水平 Level	因素Factors
水平 Level	A 温度 Temperature/℃	B pH	C 时间 Time/h	D 盐度NaCl concentration/%
1	25	6	30	0.05
2	30	7	42	0.1
3	35	8	48	0.3

Table 4 Orthogonal experimental results

实验号 Experiment No.	因素 Factors				SDS降解率Degrada-tion rate of SDS/%
实验号 Experiment No.	A	B	C	D	SDS降解率Degrada-tion rate of SDS/%
1	2	1	2	2	81.98
2	2	2	3	1	80.29
3	2	3	1	3	57.44
4	3	3	2	1	83.84
5	1	1	1	1	77.13
6	3	2	1	2	91.27
7	1	3	3	2	49.79
8	1	2	2	3	57.30
9	3	1	3	3	67.20
K₁	198.59	225.70	189.07	204.80	T=646.24
K₂	253.54	233.02	215.91	224.90
K₃	194.12	187.52	241.27	216.55
X₁	66.20	75.23	63.02	68.27
X₂	84.51	77.67	71.97	74.97
X₃	64.71	62.51	80.42	72.18
R	19.81	15.17	17.40	6.70

Fig. 6 Ion chromatograms of degrading SDS by strain D2

Fig. 7 Gas chromatograms of degrading SDS by strain D2

Fig. 8 Dodecanoic acid liquid chromatograms of degrading SDS by strain D2

Fig. 9 Acetic acid liquid chromatograms of degrading SDS by strain D2

Fig. 10 Degradation pathway of SDS by strain D2

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