Biotechnology Bulletin ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 10-23.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0728
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ZHENG Min-min1,2(
), LIU Jie1, ZHAO Qing1()
Received:2022-06-16
Online:2023-02-26
Published:2023-03-07
ZHENG Min-min, LIU Jie, ZHAO Qing. Research Progress and Prospects of Biological Studies on the Medicinal Plant Scutellaria baicalensis[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(2): 10-23.
Fig. 1 S. baicalensis plant, S. baicalensis root and S. baicalensis as medicinal material （a）Plant of S. baicalensis.（b）Root of S. baicalensis.（c）S. baicalensis as medical material
| 药方名称 Name of the prescription | 配方 Recipe | 主治 Mainly for symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| 干姜黄芩黄连人参汤方 Ganjiang Huangqin Huanglian Renshen decoction | 干姜、黄芩、黄连、人参各三两 Dried ginger, root of S. baicalensis, rhizoma coptidis and ginseng 3 Liang（150 g, a Chinese measurement unit, 1 Liang = 50 g）of each | 患有寒性腹泻，误用止吐及腹泻的药，导致症状加重，如食物入口即吐，可用干姜黄芩黄连人参汤方主治 |
| 葛根黄芩黄连汤方 Gegen Huangqin Huanglian decoction | 葛根半斤，甘草二两，黄芩二两，黄连三两 Root of kudzu vine half Jin（250 g, a Chinese measurement unit, 1 Jin = 500 g）, licorice root and root of S. baicalensis 2 Liang, and rhizoma coptidis 3 Liang | 头疼、发热、恶寒、出汗、脉浮缓，治疗后反而腹泻不止，且具有气喘出汗等症状，可用葛根黄芩黄连汤方主治 |
| 黄芩汤方 Huangqin decoction | 黄芩三两，甘草二两，芍药二两，大枣十二枚 Root of S. baicalensis 3 Liang, licorice root and root of Paeonia albiflora 2 Liang each, and 12 jujubes | 头疼、脖颈不适、怕冷、口苦、咽干、眼睛昏眩，伴有腹泻的症状，可用黄芩汤方主治 |
| 黄芩加半夏生姜汤方 Huangqin Banxia Shengjiang decoction | 黄芩三两，芍药二两，甘草二两，大枣十二枚，半夏半升，生姜一两半 Root of S. baicalensis 3 Liang, licorice root and root of Paeonia albiflora 2 Liang each, 12 jujubes, pinellia tuber about half liker, and ginger 1.5 Liang | 头疼、脖颈不适、怕冷、口苦、咽干、眼睛昏眩，伴有呕吐的症状，可用黄芩加半夏生姜汤方主治 |
| 小柴胡汤方 Xiaochaihu decoction | 柴胡半斤，黄芩、人参、甘草、生姜各三两，大枣十二枚，半夏半斤 Bupleurum half Jin, root of S. baicalensis, ginseng, licorice root and ginger 3 Liang of each, 12 jujubes, and pinellia tuber half Jin | 冷热交替、食欲不振、内心烦闷、想呕、口苦、咽干、目眩等症状，可用小柴胡汤方主治 |
Table 1 Compound decoctions in “Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases” containing S. baicalensis
| 药方名称 Name of the prescription | 配方 Recipe | 主治 Mainly for symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| 干姜黄芩黄连人参汤方 Ganjiang Huangqin Huanglian Renshen decoction | 干姜、黄芩、黄连、人参各三两 Dried ginger, root of S. baicalensis, rhizoma coptidis and ginseng 3 Liang（150 g, a Chinese measurement unit, 1 Liang = 50 g）of each | 患有寒性腹泻，误用止吐及腹泻的药，导致症状加重，如食物入口即吐，可用干姜黄芩黄连人参汤方主治 |
| 葛根黄芩黄连汤方 Gegen Huangqin Huanglian decoction | 葛根半斤，甘草二两，黄芩二两，黄连三两 Root of kudzu vine half Jin（250 g, a Chinese measurement unit, 1 Jin = 500 g）, licorice root and root of S. baicalensis 2 Liang, and rhizoma coptidis 3 Liang | 头疼、发热、恶寒、出汗、脉浮缓，治疗后反而腹泻不止，且具有气喘出汗等症状，可用葛根黄芩黄连汤方主治 |
| 黄芩汤方 Huangqin decoction | 黄芩三两，甘草二两，芍药二两，大枣十二枚 Root of S. baicalensis 3 Liang, licorice root and root of Paeonia albiflora 2 Liang each, and 12 jujubes | 头疼、脖颈不适、怕冷、口苦、咽干、眼睛昏眩，伴有腹泻的症状，可用黄芩汤方主治 |
| 黄芩加半夏生姜汤方 Huangqin Banxia Shengjiang decoction | 黄芩三两，芍药二两，甘草二两，大枣十二枚，半夏半升，生姜一两半 Root of S. baicalensis 3 Liang, licorice root and root of Paeonia albiflora 2 Liang each, 12 jujubes, pinellia tuber about half liker, and ginger 1.5 Liang | 头疼、脖颈不适、怕冷、口苦、咽干、眼睛昏眩，伴有呕吐的症状，可用黄芩加半夏生姜汤方主治 |
| 小柴胡汤方 Xiaochaihu decoction | 柴胡半斤，黄芩、人参、甘草、生姜各三两，大枣十二枚，半夏半斤 Bupleurum half Jin, root of S. baicalensis, ginseng, licorice root and ginger 3 Liang of each, 12 jujubes, and pinellia tuber half Jin | 冷热交替、食欲不振、内心烦闷、想呕、口苦、咽干、目眩等症状，可用小柴胡汤方主治 |
Fig. 2 Structures of main active flavones in S. baicalensis A, B and C and numbers on baicalein are the numbers of flavonoid rings and carbon sites
Fig. 3 Regenerated plants of S. baicalensis （a）Callus inducted from leaves. （b）Adventitious buds from callus differentiation.（c）Adventitious buds grow root to young seedlings
Fig. 4 Hairy roots induced by different S. baicalensis expl-ants and hairy roots transferred with dsRed（red fluorescent protein gene） （a）Cotyledon of S. baicalensis;（b）leaf of S. baicalensis;（c）hypocotyl of S. baicalensis;（d）hairy roots induced by cotyledon;（e）hairy roots induced by leaf;（f）hairy roots under bright field; （g）hairy roots under excitation light, red fluorescence can be observed in successful transformant;（h）hairy roots of S. baicalensis cultured in liquid medium
Fig. 5 Two flavonoid biosynthetic synthesis pathways of S. baicalensis in aerial and root parts
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