Genetic Analysis of FBA Trait in Upland Cotton with Major Gene Plus Polygenes Mixed Genetic Model

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-1606

Abstract

Abstract:

Cotton plant architecture is closely related to cultivation mode，mechanical collection efficiency and yield. Fruit branch angle（FBA）is one of the key factors that determine cotton plant architecture. Exploring the genetic characteristics on FBA of upland cotton（Gossyp-ium hirsutum）will provide important guidance for genetic breeding of cotton plant architecture. In this study，a natural population composed of 418 accessions of upland cotton from different regions，were used as the research object. Then，measuring the FBA with digital display protractor，we performed the variability and correlation analysis of FBA in different positions of cotton main stem，as well as the phenotypic description and statistical analysis of FBA of natural populations in different ecological environments. Simultaneously，the combined populations four generations（P₁，P₂，F₁ and F₂）constructed by parents with extremely different fruit branch angles were selected as the research objects，the multi-generation joint genetic analysis of FBA phenotypic traits of the four generations was carried out，and the genetic effect and heritability of major genes were estimated using the mixed genetic model of major gene plus polygenes of plant quantitative traits. Phenotypic identification analysis showed that the coefficient of variation for FBA in the natural population of upland cotton was relatively small，and the average coefficient of variation under the four environments was 5.63%. Furthermore，the middle fruit branch（the 4th-6th position from the base）angles best represented the level of FBA of the whole cotton plant. Additionally，mixed genetic model for major gene plus polygene demonstrated that the optimal model for controlling FBA was two major genes with equal additive effect，the additive effect value of major gene was 3.65，and the heritability was 90.22%. These results revealed that the FBA of upland cotton was mainly controlled by the main gene，and the heritability of the main gene was high. The above results are conducive to clarifying the genetic law of FBA of upland cotton，which is of important practical significance for molecular genetic analysis of FBA and plant architecture genetic breeding of upland cotton.

Key words: Gossypium hirsutum, fruit branch angle, major gene, polygenes, genetic model

MA Qi, LI Ji-lian, XU Shou-zhen, CHEN Hong, LIU Wen-hao, NING Xinzhu, LIN Hai. Genetic Analysis of FBA Trait in Upland Cotton with Major Gene Plus Polygenes Mixed Genetic Model[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(10): 148-158.

Figures/Tables 12

References 46

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性状 Trait	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	均值 Mean	标准差 SD
1-FBA	52.60	63.85	57.87Aa	2.66
2-FBA	50.24	60.65	55.61Bb	2.78
3-FBA	48.41	58.20	53.70Cc	2.43
All-FBA	50.91	59.01	55.73Bb	1.70

性状 Trait	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	均值 Mean	标准差 SD
1-FBA	52.60	63.85	57.87Aa	2.66
2-FBA	50.24	60.65	55.61Bb	2.78
3-FBA	48.41	58.20	53.70Cc	2.43
All-FBA	50.91	59.01	55.73Bb	1.70

性状Trait	1-FBA	2-FBA	3-FBA	All-FBA
1-FBA		0.191	0.059	0.652**
2-FBA	0.191		0.134	0.707**
3-FBA	0.059	0.134		0.580**
All-FBA	0.652**	0.707**	0.580**

性状Trait	1-FBA	2-FBA	3-FBA	All-FBA
1-FBA		0.191	0.059	0.652**
2-FBA	0.191		0.134	0.707**
3-FBA	0.059	0.134		0.580**
All-FBA	0.652**	0.707**	0.580**

环境 Environment	均值±标准差 $\bar{x}$±s	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	极差 Range	变异系数 CV/%	柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米诺夫正态分布检验 Kolmogorov-Smirnov（K-S）normal distribution test
环境 Environment	均值±标准差 $\bar{x}$±s	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	极差 Range	变异系数 CV/%	Z值	P
E1	58.69±3.57	47.41	70.46	23.05	6.08	0.557	0.916
E2	56.15±4.13	43.20	67.87	24.67	7.36	0.734	0.654
E3	57.95±2.85	50.44	69.40	18.96	4.92	0.913	0.375
E4	62.61±2.61	55.08	70.07	14.99	4.17	0.646	0.789
E_All	58.85±3.30	49.03	69.45	20.42	5.63	0.744	0.637