Research Progress in the Regulation of Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Responses by Small Peptide Hormones EPFs/EPFLs

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-1311

Abstract

Abstract:

Plant stomata are crucial microstructures regulating photosynthesis and transpiration, and their development follows the “one-cell spacing rule” governed by highly programmed molecular signaling pathways. This review summarizes the pivotal roles of the epidermal patterning factors/EPF-like peptides (EPFs/EPFLs) family in plant growth and development, particularly in stomatal patterning. The article systematically elucidates the classification, functions, maturation, and processing of this family, with a focus on analyzing the molecular mechanism by which EPFs/EPFLs act as ligands recognized by the ERECTA/TMM/SERK receptor complex, subsequently activating the MAPK cascade signaling pathway to precisely regulate stomatal development through phosphorylation-mediated degradation of key transcription factors such as SPCH. Furthermore, the review summarizes the biological functions of this family in the growth and development of plants such as Arabidopsis and rice (Oryza sativa), and maize (Zea mays), as well as the potential applications of these peptide hormones in improving crop water use efficiency and stress resistance. It also explores the roles of these peptides in responding to abiotic stresses like drought and salinity by modulating stomatal density and aperture, and their potential mechanisms in regulating stomatal immunity. Finally, the article provides an outlook on future research directions and agricultural applications, highlighting its significant guidance for stable and increased crop yields.

Key words: small peptide hormones, EPFs/EPFLs family, plant stomata, signal transduction

ZHU Yun-tao, DU Yi-fan, ZUO Shi-min, XIONG Ye-hui. Research Progress in the Regulation of Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Responses by Small Peptide Hormones EPFs/EPFLs[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(9): 82-92.

Figures/Tables 1

References 111

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