Abstract: The antimicrobial activity of four actinomycetes isolated from ginseng rhizosphere was studied with plate-confrontation method and growth rate method. The four strains were identified through their morphological features, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence alignment analysis. The result showed that the four actinomycetes strains could inhibit Panax ginseng pathogenic fungus obviously. In the antagonistic examination in vitro, the inhibition rate of FX-10 against Cylindrocarpon destructans, Botrytis cinerea and the inhibition rate of FX-61 against Sclerotinia ginseng were 91.28%、91.8%、90.07%, respectively. FX-10、FX-61、FX-137 could inhibit 5 kinds of ginseng pathogenic fungus, while FX-139 could inhibit 7 kinds of ginseng pathogenic fungus. The inhibition activity of both was stable. Based on the identifications of morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and molecular biology, FX-139 was ascertained as Streptomyces vinaceus-drappus, FX-10 as Streptomyces nigrogriseolus, FX-137 as Streptomyces vinaceus and FX-61 as griseofuscus group of streptomces.