Isolation of Maize Straw-decomposing Bacteria in Yellow-cinnamon Soil and Its Ability of Promoting Decomposition

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0100

Abstract

Abstract:

The slow decomposition rate of crop straw largely limits its effect on soil fertility and soil structure improvement. Isolation of efficient native maize straw-decomposing bacteria from clay and acidic yellow-cinnamon soil may make up for the weak colonization ability of exogenous decomposing bacteria，poor decomposing effect and crop growth，which is of great significance about efficient straw transformation and soil fertility improvement. Combined with plate scribing method，initial screening by Congo red medium，and re-screening by filter paper/straw disintegrating，the indigenous straw-decomposing strains of clay acidified yellow-cinnamon soil were isolated. Enzyme activities（filter paper enzyme，endoglucanase，exocellulase，β-glucosidase and xylanase）were used to evaluate the decomposition promoting ability of the isolated strains. The strains were identified by morphology and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Soil microcosms were established to evaluate the maize straw decomposition promoting effect of the isolated strains. Two strains XJ8 and XJ3 affiliated with Bacillus cereus and Bacillus Subtilis were identified as efficient maize straw decomposers. The decomposition rates of maize straw were 45.58% and 44.33% under two strains inoculated for 28 d in yellow-cinnamon soil，which was over 6.33% improved compared with the control soils with no bacterial strain inoculated. In conclusion，the isolated B. cereus and B. subtilis could be used for the production of commercial straw decomposing agent to accelerate straw decomposition rate and improve the transformation of straw nutrients in cohesive and hardening soil.

Key words: yellow-cinnamon soil, maize straw, microbial decomposers, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis

ZHANG Qian, XU Chun-yan, ZHANG Duo, WANG Ya-hui, LIANG Xin-ying, LI Hui. Isolation of Maize Straw-decomposing Bacteria in Yellow-cinnamon Soil and Its Ability of Promoting Decomposition[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(12): 233-243.

Figures/Tables 7

References 34

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菌株编号 Strain No.	水解圈直径（D） Hydrolytic circle diameter/mm	菌落直径（d） Colony diameter/mm	水解圈直径/菌落直径D/d	滤纸条崩解程度 Degradation degree of filter strips	秸秆崩解程度 Degradation degree of straw	分离方案 Isolation scheme
XJ1	6.16±0.34	6.14±0.34	1.00±0.00	+	+++	方案1
XJ2	9.75±4.56	4.18±0.09	2.29±1.02	++	+++	方案1
XJ3	37.71±0.67	7.78±0.73	4.93±0.42	++	+	方案1
XJ4	38.58±0.65	8.40±0.91	4.66±0.43	+	+	方案1
XJ5	5.83±0.03	4.41±0.30	1.34±0.10	++	+++	方案1
XJ6	17.63±0.42	5.06±0.13	3.49±0.16	+	+	方案1
XJ7	17.83±0.44	4.41±0.27	4.09±0.34	+	+	方案1
XJ8	35.05±0.09	7.74±0.56	4.57±0.30	+	+++	方案1
XJ9	34.37±1.01	3.68±0.41	9.53±0.85	+++	++	方案1
XJ10	5.25±0.21	4.62±0.07	1.14±0.03	+++	+	方案1
XJ11	5.68±0.33	3.77±0.12	1.51±0.08	++	+	方案1
XJ12	32.45±0.68	3.84±0.18	8.50±0.57	+++	++	方案1
XJ13	35.28±0.57	3.69±0.38	9.80±1.13	++	+++	方案1
XJ14	18.36±0.76	4.88±0.41	3.81±0.29	+++	+++	方案1
XJ15	18.20±0.61	4.78±0.13	3.81±0.15	++	+++	方案1
XJ16	18.07±0.37	4.38±0.34	4.17±0.26	+++	+++	方案1
XJ17	30.87±0.59	8.48±0.52	3.66±0.21	+	++	方案1
XJ18	33.75±0.45	7.14±0.29	4.75±0.22	++	+	方案1
XJ19	14.30±7.36	5.52±0.30	2.75±1.56	+	++	方案1
XJ20	17.45±0.26	6.33±0.06	2.76±0.07	+	++	方案1
XJ21	18.24±0.27	4.16±0.26	4.42±0.28	+	+++	方案1
XJ22	7.79±0.20	5.35±0.02	1.46±0.03	+	+++	方案3
XJ23	17.27±1.00	5.79±0.22	2.98±0.07	++	++	方案3
XJ24	15.57±0.33	4.55±0.24	3.45±0.25	+	+	方案3
XJ25	15.24±0.57	5.51±0.12	2.76±0.09	+	++	方案3
XJ26	5.39±0.04	4.69±0.03	1.15±0.01	+	++	方案3
XJ27	36.81±0.61	7.42±0.19	4.97±0.21	++	+++	方案3
XJ28	4.32±0.24	2.77±0.08	1.55±0.04	+	+++	方案3
XJ29	4.41±0.19	3.32±0.13	1.33±0.01	++	++	方案3
XJ30	4.02±0.15	2.79±0.22	1.46±0.14	++	++	方案3
XJ31	34.00±0.09	5.15±0.66	6.81±0.79	+++	+	方案3
XJ32	19.69±0.43	5.55±0.08	3.55±0.12	++	+	方案3
XJ33	19.70±0.48	5.58±0.06	3.53±0.06	+	+	方案3
XJ34	35.88±1.14	6.76±1.51	5.97±1.48	+++	++	方案3
XJ35	4.61±0.22	2.16±0.09	2.14±0.14	+++	++	方案3
XJ36	19.62±0.23	5.47±0.05	3.59±0.07	+++	++	方案1
XJ37	33.96±0.32	3.91±0.29	8.78±0.65	+++	++	方案3
XJ38	7.98±0.62	6.13±0.32	1.30±0.06	+++	++	方案3
XJ39	13.37±0.58	3.87±0.16	3.46±0.07	+++	++	方案3
XJ40	37.27±0.20	10.11±0.23	3.69±0.07	++	++	方案3
XJ41	5.53±0.28	3.86±0.20	1.43±0.03	+	++	方案3
XJ42	37.67±0.58	7.16±0.71	5.37±0.54	+	+	方案3
XJ43	19.66±0.20	5.30±0.24	3.73±0.19	+	+++	方案3
XJ44	5.28±0.21	7.04±0.69	0.73±0.09	+	++	方案2
XJ45	4.07±0.29	3.85±0.21	1.06±0.02	++	++	方案2
XJ46	7.97±0.66	5.74±0.32	1.38±0.04	+	++	方案2
XJ47	6.73±0.58	5.10±0.33	1.33±0.12	+++	++	方案2
XJ48	5.85±0.14	5.49±0.13	1.07±0.01	+	+	方案2
XJ49	20.25±0.95	5.23±0.22	3.87±0.04	+++	+++	方案2
XJ50	6.07±0.27	6.04±0.27	1.01±0.00	+	++	方案2
XJ51	6.95±0.30	5.38±0.16	1.29±0.02	++	+	方案2
XJ52	18.24±0.70	6.09±0.14	2.99±0.05	+	++	方案2
XJ53	33.64±0.20	9.22±0.31	3.66±0.14	+	+	方案2
XJ54	21.58±0.47	5.84±0.15	3.70±0.18	++	+++	方案2
XJ55	4.28±0.27	3.32±0.29	1.30±0.04	++	+++	方案2
XJ56	5.28±0.97	3.58±0.16	1.51±0.35	+	++	方案2
XJ57	7.05±0.21	5.33±0.43	1.34±0.09	+	+++	方案2
XJ58	4.56±0.07	4.19±0.09	1.09±0.02	+	+	方案2

菌株编号 Strain No.	水解圈直径（D） Hydrolytic circle diameter/mm	菌落直径（d） Colony diameter/mm	水解圈直径/菌落直径D/d	滤纸条崩解程度 Degradation degree of filter strips	秸秆崩解程度 Degradation degree of straw	分离方案 Isolation scheme
XJ1	6.16±0.34	6.14±0.34	1.00±0.00	+	+++	方案1
XJ2	9.75±4.56	4.18±0.09	2.29±1.02	++	+++	方案1
XJ3	37.71±0.67	7.78±0.73	4.93±0.42	++	+	方案1
XJ4	38.58±0.65	8.40±0.91	4.66±0.43	+	+	方案1
XJ5	5.83±0.03	4.41±0.30	1.34±0.10	++	+++	方案1
XJ6	17.63±0.42	5.06±0.13	3.49±0.16	+	+	方案1
XJ7	17.83±0.44	4.41±0.27	4.09±0.34	+	+	方案1
XJ8	35.05±0.09	7.74±0.56	4.57±0.30	+	+++	方案1
XJ9	34.37±1.01	3.68±0.41	9.53±0.85	+++	++	方案1
XJ10	5.25±0.21	4.62±0.07	1.14±0.03	+++	+	方案1
XJ11	5.68±0.33	3.77±0.12	1.51±0.08	++	+	方案1
XJ12	32.45±0.68	3.84±0.18	8.50±0.57	+++	++	方案1
XJ13	35.28±0.57	3.69±0.38	9.80±1.13	++	+++	方案1
XJ14	18.36±0.76	4.88±0.41	3.81±0.29	+++	+++	方案1
XJ15	18.20±0.61	4.78±0.13	3.81±0.15	++	+++	方案1
XJ16	18.07±0.37	4.38±0.34	4.17±0.26	+++	+++	方案1
XJ17	30.87±0.59	8.48±0.52	3.66±0.21	+	++	方案1
XJ18	33.75±0.45	7.14±0.29	4.75±0.22	++	+	方案1
XJ19	14.30±7.36	5.52±0.30	2.75±1.56	+	++	方案1
XJ20	17.45±0.26	6.33±0.06	2.76±0.07	+	++	方案1
XJ21	18.24±0.27	4.16±0.26	4.42±0.28	+	+++	方案1
XJ22	7.79±0.20	5.35±0.02	1.46±0.03	+	+++	方案3
XJ23	17.27±1.00	5.79±0.22	2.98±0.07	++	++	方案3
XJ24	15.57±0.33	4.55±0.24	3.45±0.25	+	+	方案3
XJ25	15.24±0.57	5.51±0.12	2.76±0.09	+	++	方案3
XJ26	5.39±0.04	4.69±0.03	1.15±0.01	+	++	方案3
XJ27	36.81±0.61	7.42±0.19	4.97±0.21	++	+++	方案3
XJ28	4.32±0.24	2.77±0.08	1.55±0.04	+	+++	方案3
XJ29	4.41±0.19	3.32±0.13	1.33±0.01	++	++	方案3
XJ30	4.02±0.15	2.79±0.22	1.46±0.14	++	++	方案3
XJ31	34.00±0.09	5.15±0.66	6.81±0.79	+++	+	方案3
XJ32	19.69±0.43	5.55±0.08	3.55±0.12	++	+	方案3
XJ33	19.70±0.48	5.58±0.06	3.53±0.06	+	+	方案3
XJ34	35.88±1.14	6.76±1.51	5.97±1.48	+++	++	方案3
XJ35	4.61±0.22	2.16±0.09	2.14±0.14	+++	++	方案3
XJ36	19.62±0.23	5.47±0.05	3.59±0.07	+++	++	方案1
XJ37	33.96±0.32	3.91±0.29	8.78±0.65	+++	++	方案3
XJ38	7.98±0.62	6.13±0.32	1.30±0.06	+++	++	方案3
XJ39	13.37±0.58	3.87±0.16	3.46±0.07	+++	++	方案3
XJ40	37.27±0.20	10.11±0.23	3.69±0.07	++	++	方案3
XJ41	5.53±0.28	3.86±0.20	1.43±0.03	+	++	方案3
XJ42	37.67±0.58	7.16±0.71	5.37±0.54	+	+	方案3
XJ43	19.66±0.20	5.30±0.24	3.73±0.19	+	+++	方案3
XJ44	5.28±0.21	7.04±0.69	0.73±0.09	+	++	方案2
XJ45	4.07±0.29	3.85±0.21	1.06±0.02	++	++	方案2
XJ46	7.97±0.66	5.74±0.32	1.38±0.04	+	++	方案2
XJ47	6.73±0.58	5.10±0.33	1.33±0.12	+++	++	方案2
XJ48	5.85±0.14	5.49±0.13	1.07±0.01	+	+	方案2
XJ49	20.25±0.95	5.23±0.22	3.87±0.04	+++	+++	方案2
XJ50	6.07±0.27	6.04±0.27	1.01±0.00	+	++	方案2
XJ51	6.95±0.30	5.38±0.16	1.29±0.02	++	+	方案2
XJ52	18.24±0.70	6.09±0.14	2.99±0.05	+	++	方案2
XJ53	33.64±0.20	9.22±0.31	3.66±0.14	+	+	方案2
XJ54	21.58±0.47	5.84±0.15	3.70±0.18	++	+++	方案2
XJ55	4.28±0.27	3.32±0.29	1.30±0.04	++	+++	方案2
XJ56	5.28±0.97	3.58±0.16	1.51±0.35	+	++	方案2
XJ57	7.05±0.21	5.33±0.43	1.34±0.09	+	+++	方案2
XJ58	4.56±0.07	4.19±0.09	1.09±0.02	+	+	方案2

测试项目 Test item	菌株编号 Strain No.
测试项目 Test item	XJ3	XJ8
形态学 Morphology	杆状，菌落白色，表面光滑	杆状，菌落白色，表面粗糙
过氧化氢酶反应 Catalase test	阳性	阳性
M.R. 反应 Methyl red reaction	阳性	阳性
乙酰甲基甲醇反应 Acetyl methyl carbinol	阴性	阴性
淀粉水解 Starch hydrolysis	阳性	阳性
明胶水解 Gelatin hydrolyzation	阳性	阳性
硝酸盐还原 Nitrate reduction	阳性	阳性
柠檬酸盐利用 Utilization of citrate	阳性	阳性
好氧性试验 Aerobic test	好氧	兼性厌氧
革兰氏染色 Gram stain	阴性	阴性

测试项目 Test item	菌株编号 Strain No.
测试项目 Test item	XJ3	XJ8
形态学 Morphology	杆状，菌落白色，表面光滑	杆状，菌落白色，表面粗糙
过氧化氢酶反应 Catalase test	阳性	阳性
M.R. 反应 Methyl red reaction	阳性	阳性
乙酰甲基甲醇反应 Acetyl methyl carbinol	阴性	阴性
淀粉水解 Starch hydrolysis	阳性	阳性
明胶水解 Gelatin hydrolyzation	阳性	阳性
硝酸盐还原 Nitrate reduction	阳性	阳性
柠檬酸盐利用 Utilization of citrate	阳性	阳性
好氧性试验 Aerobic test	好氧	兼性厌氧
革兰氏染色 Gram stain	阴性	阴性