萜类化合物在酿酒酵母中的合成生物学研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0565

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

萜类化合物以其独特且多样的生物活性,广泛应用于医药、食品、化妆品行业。酿酒酵母作为最简单的真核细胞,与植物来源的萜类化合物生物合成酶适配性高,是复杂萜类化合物生产的优选底盘。近年来,构建并优化酿酒酵母底盘细胞中的萜类化合物代谢途径一直是合成生物学领域研究的热点。从优化异戊二烯前体途径酶、改造中央碳代谢、平衡竞争途径和异源表达细胞色素P450酶4个方面对高价值萜类化合物的合成生物学策略进行综述,旨在为酿酒酵母底盘细胞中萜类化合物的生物合成研究的进一步优化提供参考。

关键词: 萜类化合物, 生物合成, 合成生物学, 酿酒酵母

Abstract:

Terpenoids are widely used in the pharmaceutical,food,and cosmetic industries due to their unique and diverse biological activities. Saccharomyces cerevisiae,the simplest eukaryotic cell,is the preferred cell factory for complex terpenoids biosynthesis with high suitability of enzymes from eukaryotic sources. In recent years,construction and optimization of terpenoid metabolic pathways in S. cerevisiae have received much attention in synthetic biological researches. Here we review the synthetic biological strategies of high-value terpenoids from four aspects：optimizing isoprene precursor pathway enzymes,reforming central carbon metabolism,balancing competitive pathways,and expressing heterologous cytochrome P450 enzymes,aiming at providing references for the further researches of terpenoids biosynthesis in S. cerevisiae.

Key words: terpenoids, biosynthesis, synthetic biology, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

李佳秀, 蔡倩茹, 吴杰群. 萜类化合物在酿酒酵母中的合成生物学研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(12): 199-207.

LI Jia-xiu, CAI Qian-ru, WU Jie-qun. Research Progresses on the Synthetic Biology of Terpenes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(12): 199-207.

图/表 4

图1 萜类化合物的生物合成的前体途径优化策略

图2 乙酰辅酶A的中央碳代谢优化策略

图3 竞争路径平衡策略

图4 细胞色素P450酶介导的复杂萜类化合物的生物合成以青蒿酸（A）、缬草酸（B）、Jolkinol C（C）为例

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