合成生物学细胞传感技术在食品安全快速检测中的应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0389

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

合成生物学细胞传感技术为快速、现场检测食品污染物提供了一种新型替代方法。由于细胞内环境相对稳定，合成生物学细胞传感器有较强的抗干扰能力；由于细胞能够通过自我复制而实现增殖，细胞传感器在生产上具有简单、廉价、快速的特点，因此在食品安全快速检测中具有良好的应用前景。本文综述了合成生物学细胞传感器核心元件的组成、构建方法和类型，介绍了多功能细胞传感器的合成生物学基因回路，列举了细胞传感器在食品安全快速检测中的商业化应用前景，并阐述了细胞传感器在食品安全快速检测中的挑战和发展趋势。

关键词: 合成生物学, 细胞传感器, 食品安全, 快速检测

Abstract:

Synthetic biology-based whole-cell sensing technology provides an alternative approach for rapid and on-site detection of heavy metals. Because the intracellular environment is relatively stable, whole-cell biosensor presents strong anti-interference ability; the biosensor cells can proliferate with cell self-replication, so the whole-cell biosensor has the characteristics of simple, cheap and fast in production. Therefore, whole-cell biosensor demonstrates a promising application prospect in the rapid detection of food pollutants. This article, the composition, construction methods, and types of core elements for whole-cell biosensor are summarized. Then synthetic biology-based gene circuits for multi-function detection technologies are introduced; further the commercialized applications of whole-cell biosensor in rapid food safety testing are enumerated; and finally the challenges and development prospects of cell biosensors in the rapid detection of food safety are illustrated.

Key words: synthetic biology, whole-cell biosensor, food safety, rapid detection

陈晓琳, 刘洋儿, 许文涛, 郭明璋, 刘慧琳. 合成生物学细胞传感技术在食品安全快速检测中的应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(1): 137-149.

CHEN Xiao-lin, LIU Yang-er, XU Wen-tao, GUO Ming-zhang, LIU Hui-lin. Application of Synthetic Biology Based Whole-cell Biosensor Technology in the Rapid Detection of Food Safety[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(1): 137-149.

图/表 4

参考文献 78

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类别Type	靶标Target	感应元件Sensing element	参考文献Reference
重金属 Heavy metals	汞Hg	MerR	[5]
	镉Cd	CadR	[6]
	砷As	ArsR	[7]
	铅Pb	PbrR	[8]
	铜Cu	CueR	[9]
农药残留 Pesticide residues	百草枯Paraquat	PqrR, OxyR, SoxR, FphR	[10]
	杀螟虫Fenitrothion	DmpR	[11]
	对硫磷、甲基对硫磷Parathion and Methyl parathion	DmpR	[12]
	阿特拉津Atrazine	（GST）	[13]
兽药残留 Veterinary residues	强力霉素Doxycycline	TetR	[14]
	四环素Tetracycline	TetR, tc-riboswitch	[15]
	红霉素Erythromycin	MphR	[16]
	庆大霉素Gentamicin	IcaR	[17]
	林可霉素Lincomycin	LmrA	[17]
	新霉素Novobiocin	neo-riboswitch	[18]
	土霉素Oxytetracycline	OtrR	[19]
	弗吉尼亚霉素 Virginiamycin	VarR	[20]
	杆菌肽Gramicidin	BcrR	[21]
食品添加剂 Food additives	苯甲酸、苯甲酸盐Benzoic acid andBenzoate	BenR	[22]
食品添加剂 Food additives	己二酸Betulonic acid	PcaR	[23]
生物性污染 Biological pollution	病原微生物 Pathogenic microorganisms	QscR	[24]

类别Type	靶标Target	感应元件Sensing element	参考文献Reference
重金属 Heavy metals	汞Hg	MerR	[5]
	镉Cd	CadR	[6]
	砷As	ArsR	[7]
	铅Pb	PbrR	[8]
	铜Cu	CueR	[9]
农药残留 Pesticide residues	百草枯Paraquat	PqrR, OxyR, SoxR, FphR	[10]
	杀螟虫Fenitrothion	DmpR	[11]
	对硫磷、甲基对硫磷Parathion and Methyl parathion	DmpR	[12]
	阿特拉津Atrazine	（GST）	[13]
兽药残留 Veterinary residues	强力霉素Doxycycline	TetR	[14]
	四环素Tetracycline	TetR, tc-riboswitch	[15]
	红霉素Erythromycin	MphR	[16]
	庆大霉素Gentamicin	IcaR	[17]
	林可霉素Lincomycin	LmrA	[17]
	新霉素Novobiocin	neo-riboswitch	[18]
	土霉素Oxytetracycline	OtrR	[19]
	弗吉尼亚霉素 Virginiamycin	VarR	[20]
	杆菌肽Gramicidin	BcrR	[21]
食品添加剂 Food additives	苯甲酸、苯甲酸盐Benzoic acid andBenzoate	BenR	[22]
食品添加剂 Food additives	己二酸Betulonic acid	PcaR	[23]
生物性污染 Biological pollution	病原微生物 Pathogenic microorganisms	QscR	[24]