公共场所水环境中活嗜肺军团菌的快速检测方法

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0791

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在建立一种基于16S rRNA前体的分子学检测方法用于快速检测活嗜肺军团菌,应用该方法与ISO标准法调查公共场所水环境中嗜肺军团菌的水平及污染现状。此研究方法的理论基础在于营养刺激后可诱导嗜肺军团菌16S rRNA前体的合成,后者可作为检测细胞活性的指标。分别应用预刺激RT-qPCR法和ISO法对嗜肺军团菌、非嗜肺军团菌以及非军团菌进行检测,并验证两种方法的特异性、灵敏度。应用预刺激RT-qPCR法和ISO法检测公共场所水环境中的嗜肺军团菌,比较两者结果的一致性。结果显示,预刺激时间大于3 h时,嗜肺军团菌16S rRNA前体的增长缓慢,最佳预刺激时间设置为3 h。预刺激RT-qPCR法与ISO法均能较好地检出嗜肺军团菌,特异性均为100%,预刺激法的最低检测浓度（Limit of detection,LOD）为10²Cell/L,ISO标准法的LOD为10⁴ Cell/L。预刺激法及ISO法的总阳性率分别为43.5%（30/69）和40.6%（28/69）,两种方法的检出率差异无明显统计学意义（C²=0.119,P=0.730）。预刺激RT-qPCR法是一种快速有效的检测活嗜肺军团菌的方法,诊断灵敏度及特异性高,是ISO标准法潜在的替代方案。

关键词: 嗜肺军团菌, PCR, 水环境, 公共场所, 16S rRNA, 快速检测方法

Abstract: This work aims to establish a molecular detection method for the rapid detection of viable Legionella pneumophila based on 16S rRNA precursor,and the contamination level and status of L. pneumophila in the water environment of public places may be detected by this method and ISO method. The established method is based on the synthesis of 16S rRNA precursor in L. pneumophila via a nutritional stimulation,which is an indicator for cells’ viability. Pre-stimulated RT-qPCR method and ISO method were used to detect L. pneumophila and non-Legionella pneumophila,as well as other non-Legionella,and the specificity and sensitivity of these two methods were validated.Further,the pre-stimulated RT-qPCR method and ISO method were employed to detect L. pneumophila in the water environment of public places,and the consistency of the results between the 2 methods were compared.The 16S rRNA precursor of L. pneumophila increased slowly when the pre-stimulation time was > 3 h,thus the optimal pre-stimulation time was set to be 3 h. L. pneumophila were well detected by both pre-stimulated RT-qPCR method and ISO method,and the specificity for both was 100%. The Limit of Detection（LOD）by pre-stimulated RT-qPCR method was 10² cells/L,while LOD by ISO method was 10⁴ cells/L. The positive rate of L. pneumophila in the water environment of public places was 43.5%（30/69）by pre-stimulated RT-qPCR method and 40.6%（28/69）by ISO method,and the difference of detection by both methods was of no statistical significance（C²=0.119,P=0.730）. In conclusion,pre-stimulated RT-qPCR method is a rapid and effective method for detecting L. pneumophila with high sensitivity and specificity,and it can be used as a potential alternative to the ISO method.

Key words: Legionella pneumophila, PCR, water environment, public place, 16S rRNA, rapid detection method.

郭沛, 赵龙, 胡翮. 公共场所水环境中活嗜肺军团菌的快速检测方法[J]. 生物技术通报, 2019, 35(3): 203-209.

GUO Pei, ZHAO Long, HU He. A Rapid Method of Detecting Viable Legionella pneumophila in the Water Environment of Public Places[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(3): 203-209.

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