硝酸盐调控豆科植物与根瘤菌共生固氮的机制研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0780

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氮是植物生长发育所需的大量营养元素之一。硝态氮不仅可以被植物直接吸收利用,还可以作为重要的信号分子调控植物对氮素的响应、吸收、代谢相关基因的表达,从而影响植物的生长和发育。豆科植物可以通过与根瘤菌共生互作来获得生长所需的氮,但共生固氮是一个耗费植物能量的过程。当土壤中存在高浓度的氮素时,氮作为信号分子会影响共生固氮基因的功能从而抑制共生固氮过程。目前的研究表明,硝酸盐通过局部和系统的调控方式抑制共生固氮过程;结瘤自主调控（Autoregulation of nodulation,AON）和NLPs（NIN-like proteins）转录因子在硝酸盐抑制豆科植物根瘤形成中有着重要的作用。本文结合最近的研究进展,重点讨论NLPs转录因子和AON途径在硝酸盐抑制共生固氮过程的作用。

关键词: 硝酸盐, 共生固氮, NLPs转录因子, AON途径, CEP短肽

Abstract: Nitrogen is one of major macronutrients to support plants growth and development. Nitrate-nitrogen not only can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants,also affects the development and growth of plants via acting as a molecular signal to regulate the expressions of genes related to nitrogen-responding,absorbing and metabolizing. Legumes plants can obtain the demanded nitrogen for plant growth by establishing a symbiotic interaction with rhizobia;however,nodule formation and nitrogen fixation are energy-consuming processes for plants. When there is high concentration of nitrogen in soil,nitrogen as a signal molecule will affect the function of symbiotic nitrogen fixation gene and thus inhibit the process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Current researches reveal that nitrate inhibits symbiotic nitrogen fixation through a local and systemic regulation pathway. Autoregulation of nodulation（AON）and NIN-like proteins（NLPs）play a critical role in symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Combined with the latest researches,this review focuses on discussing the roles of NLPs transcription factors and AON pathways in symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

Key words: nitrate, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, NLPs transcription factor, AON pathway, CEP short peptide

罗振鹏, 谢芳. 硝酸盐调控豆科植物与根瘤菌共生固氮的机制研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2019, 35(10): 34-39.

LUO Zhen-peng, XIE Fang. Mechanism of Nitrate Regulating Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Between Legumes and Rhizobium[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(10): 34-39.

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